首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
For the first two-thirds of the 20th century, chemistry was seen by many as the science of the future. The potential of chemical
For the first two-thirds of the 20th century, chemistry was seen by many as the science of the future. The potential of chemical
admin
2011-01-02
43
问题
For the first two-thirds of the 20th century, chemistry was seen by many as the science of the future. The potential of chemical products for enriching society appeared to be unlimited. Increasingly, however, and especially in the public mind, the negative aspects of chemistry have come to the fore, Disposal of chemical by- products at waste-disposal sites of limited capacity has resulted in environmental and health problems of enormous concern. The legitimate use of drugs for the medically supervised treatment of diseases has been tainted by the growing misuse of mood-altering drugs. The very word chemicals has come to be used all too frequently in a pejorative sense. There is, as a result, a danger that the pursuit and application of chemical knowledge may be seen as bearing risks that outweigh the benefits.
It is easy to underestimate the central role of chemistry in modern society, but chemical products are essential if the world’s population is to be clothed, housed, and fed. The world’s reserves of fossil fuels (e. g. oil, natural gas, and coal) will eventually be exhausted, some as soon as the 21st century, and new chemical processes and materials will provide a crucial alternative energy source. The conversion of solar energy to more concentrated, useful forms, for example, will rely heavily on discoveries in chemistry. Long-term, environmentally acceptable solutions to pollution problems are not attainable without chemical knowledge. There is much truth in the aphorism that "chemical problems require chemical solutions". Chemical inquiry will lead to a better understanding of the behaviour of both natural and synthetic materials and to the discovery of new substances that will help future generations better supply their needs and deal with their problems.
Progress in chemistry can no longer be measured only in terms of economics and utility. The discovery and manufacture of new chemical goods must continue to be economically feasible but must be environmentally acceptable as well. The impact or new substances on the environment can now be assessed before large-scale production begins, and environmental compatibility has become a valued property of new materials. For example, compounds consisting of carbon fully bonded to chlorine and fluorine, called chlorofluorocarbons (or Freons), were believed to be ideal for their intended use when they were first discovered. They are nontoxic, nonflammable gases and volatile liquids that are very stable. These properties led to their widespread use as solvents, refrigerants, and propellants in aerosol containers. Time has shown, however, that these compounds decompose in the upper regions of the atmosphere and that the decomposition products act to destroy stratospheric ozone. Limits have now been placed on the use of chlorofluorocarbons, but it is impossible to recover the amounts already dispersed into the atmosphere.
The chlorofluorocarbon problem illustrates how difficult it is to anticipate the overall impact that new materials can have on the environment. Chemists are working to develop methods of assessment, and prevailing chemical theory provides the working tools. Once a substance has been identified as hazardous to the existing ecological balance, it is the responsibility of chemists to locate that substance and neutralize it, limiting the damage it can do or removing if from the environment entirely. The last years of the 20th century will see many new, exciting discoveries in the processes and products of chemistry, Inevitably, the harmful effects of some substances will outweigh their benefits, and their use will have to be limited. Yet, the positive impact of chemistry on society as a whole seems beyond doubt.
According to this passage, chemistry ______.
选项
A、produces more harmful effects than beneficial ones
B、produces no more harmful effects than beneficial ones
C、is no longer unanimously regarded as the science of the future
D、is not worth pursuing persistently
答案
C
解析
该题问:据文中所介绍,对于化学有何认识?本文前三句“在20世纪的前三分之二时间里,很多人把化学看作未来科学。化学产品似乎有造福社会的无限潜力。但是,化学的不利方面已越来越多地显现出来,在公众的心目中尤其如此,隐含的意思是:“现在已经不再把化学看作未来科学了”。所以,选项C的is no longer unanimously regarded as the science of the future正确,应为答案。其他三个选项:A项意为“化学产生的坏处比益处多”;D项意为“化学产生的坏处和益处一样多”;D项意为“不值得坚持研究化学”,均与上下文不一致。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/JWeO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Crimehasitsowncycles,amagazinere-portedsomeyearsbefore.Policerecordsthat【M1】______werestudied
WhichofthefollowingmatchesofchiefcityandthestateitbelongstoisNOTcorrect?
TheGreatGatsbywaswrittenby______.
SchoolinginAustraliabetweentheagesof6and15is______.
______wasNOTwrittenbyHemingway.
Whichofthefollowingistheworld’soldestnationalnewspaper?
HowmanyyearsdostudentshavetostudyatcommunitycollegeintheUnitedStates?
A、violatingthecongressbyembazzlementB、violatingtheconstitutionbyhiringthechiefwithoutconsultingcongressC、violatin
ThenovelATaleofTwoCitieswaswrittenby________.
Britain’sSystemofEducationTheBritishCommonwealthincludesaquarteroftheworld’spopulationinone-sixthoftheworld
随机试题
对于大宗低值货物,班轮运费一般采用的征收标准为()
A.α-酮戊二酸B.5-磷酸核糖C.二磷酸尿苷葡萄糖D.琥珀酰CoA含有高能硫酯键的化合物是
某大学三年级医学生,学习成绩一直不理想,来到学校心理咨询室,诉其在大学生活中不知道自己该干什么,没有主见,经常轻信他人,轻率改变自己的方向。该心理咨询师分析该医学生在意志力上出现的问题是
工程师何某利用本单位的物质技术条件,编制计算机财务管理软件一个,该单位决定销售该软件,并承担全部责任。依照法律,()。
强夯夯点夯击次数的确定应以( )为原则。
城市抗震防灾规划应包括()。
中央银行为实现特定的经济目标而采取的各种控制、调节货币供应量或信用量的方针、政策、措施的总称是()。
结合材料,回答问题:材料12100多年前,中国汉代的张骞肩负和平友好使命,两次出使中亚,开启了中国同中亚各国友好交往的大门,开辟出一条横贯东西、连接欧亚的丝绸之路。千百年来,在这条古老的丝绸之路上,各国人民共同谱写出千古传诵的
DMA与程序中断方式相比,其主要特点是( )。
LookatthestatementsbelowandtheadvicetobusinessesontheoppositepageaboutusingothercompaniestoruntheirITservi
最新回复
(
0
)