2. 考研
  3. Financial institutions deal with financial assets，assets that promise fluture payments flrom financial contracts．such as securit

Financial institutions deal with financial assets，assets that promise fluture payments flrom financial contracts．such as securit

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问题 Financial institutions deal with financial assets，assets that promise fluture payments flrom financial contracts．such as securities and loans．These instjtutions also deljver services，  relying on their reputations to attract customers for relationships often based on trust．Similarly，a nonfinancial business expects future benefits in the form of cash from sales of its tangible and service products as well as from owning a recognizable trademark or slogan or a patent on a production process．Because so many things are assets，it is convenient to divide them into two major subsets：real assets and financial assets．Real，tangible assets are those expected to provide benefits based on their fundamental qualities．A person’s home transfers benefits commensurate with the quality of its construction，its location，and its size．A corporation’s main computer provides benefits based on its speed．the size of its memory，the ease of its use，and the frequency with which it needs repair．A financial asset，in contrast．is a contract that offers a promise of payment in the future from the party that issued the contract．
    Like other businesses，a financial institution acquires and uses assets so that the value of their bene．fits exceeds their costs．The key difference between financial institutions and other firms is that most of the assets that financial institutions hold aye financial assets．Financial institutions use funds flrom their own creditors and owners to acquire financial claims against others．They may lend funds to individuals．businessesand governments or they may purchase ownership shares in other businesses．The furure benefits that financial institutions expect to receive thus depend on the performance of the parties whose financial liabilities they purchase．The main distinction between financial institutions and other 6nns is not s0 much in how they raise funds，because all businesses issue financial liabilities to do so．but in what they do with these funds．
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答案金融机构处理金融资产，这些资产是承诺未来收益的金融合同，如股票和贷款。这些机构同样提供服务，这依赖于声誉吸引基于信任关系的客户。类似地，非金融企业期望未来的现金形式的收益，或者来自其有形的服务产品或者来自可识别的商标品牌、某个生产过程的专利。因为资产种类众多，将其分为两类比较方便：实物资产和金融资产。实物资产是那些基于基本质量提供收益的资产，一个人的家的价值与其建筑质量、所在位置和大小相关，一个公司的主要的电脑提供的收益是基于其速度、内存大小、用途的便利以及维修的频率，而金融资产是能从签署合约的团体手中收到未来承诺收益的合约。 与其他机构一样，金融机构需要并使用资产，以使得收益超过成本，金融机构和其他公司最关键的不同是金融机构持有的大部分资产是金融资产。金融机构使用来自存款者的资金来获取对他人的金融索取权。他们也许会将资金借给个人、企业或者政府，它们也会购买其他企业的股权，金融机构期望的未来收益依赖于他们购买的金融负债所有者的绩效。金融机构和其他公司的主要区别并不在于它们筹集资金的方式，因为所有企业都这样筹集金融负债，而在于他们如何运用这比资金。
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