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Can Human Kidney Be Traded ? If they were just another product, the market would work its usual magic: supply would respond

admin2013-07-08  74
问题                      Can Human Kidney Be Traded ?
    If they were just another product, the market would work its usual magic: supply would respond to high prices and rise to meet surging demand. But human kidneys are no ordinary commodity. Trading them is banned in most countries. So supply depends largely on the charity of individuals. Unsurprisingly, with altruism the only incentive, not enough people offer.
    Kidneys are the subject of a quietly growing global drama. As people in the rich world live longer and grow fatter, queues for kidneys are lengthening fast: at a rate of 7% a year in America, for example, where last year 4,039 people died waiting. Doctors are allowing older and more sluggish kidneys to be transplanted. Ailing, rich patients are buying kidneys from the poor and desperate in burgeoning black markets.
    In the face of all this, most countries are sticking with the worst of all policy options. Governments place the burden on their citizens to volunteer organs. A few European countries, including Spain, manage to push up supply a bit by presuming citizens’ consent to having their organs transplanted when they die unless they specify otherwise. Whether or not such presumed consent is morally right, it does not solve the supply problem, in Spain or elsewhere. On the other hand, if just 0. 06% of healthy Americans aged between 19 and 65 parted with one kidney, the country would have no waiting list.
    The way to encourage this is to legalize the sale of kidneys. That’s what Iran has done. An officially approved patients’ organization oversees the transactions. Donors get $2,000 — 4,000. The waiting list has been eliminated. Many people will find the very idea of individuals selling their organs repulsive. Yet an organ market, in body parts of deceased people, already exists. Companies make millions out of it. It seems perverse, then, to exclude individuals.
    With proper regulation, a kidney market would be a big improvement on the current, sorry state of affairs. Sellers could be checked for disease and drug use, and cared for after operations. They could, for instance, receive health insurance as part of their payment—which would be cheap because properly screened donors appear to live longer than the average Joe with two kidneys. Buyers would get better kidneys, faster. Both sellers and buyers would do better than in the illegal market, where much of the money goes to the middleman.
    Instinct often trumps logic. Sometimes that’s right. But in this case, the instinct that selling bits of oneself is wrong leads to many premature deaths and much suffering. The logical answer, in this case, is the humane one.
What can be concluded from the last paragraph?
选项 A、Legalization of the kidney sales is beneficial to both the sellers and buyers.
B、More regulations are necessary to improve the current sorry state of affairs.
C、Kidney sales are in the buyers’ favor because sellers gain less but lose more.
D、We should not let instinct trump logic, especially in life-and-death situations.
答案A
解析 推理判断题。属结论推断。最后一段中列举了将肾脏交易合法化的众多益处．[A]项与之相符。[B]项的more是对原文proper的曲解：[C]项的gain less but lose more在文中无对应信息点；[D]项与原文Sometimes that’s right相悖。
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