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  3. The smell from an old lady’s armpits can raise your spirits, a scientist in Pennsylvania claims. Her work also suggests that in

The smell from an old lady’s armpits can raise your spirits, a scientist in Pennsylvania claims. Her work also suggests that in

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问题     The smell from an old lady’s armpits can raise your spirits, a scientist in Pennsylvania claims. Her work also suggests that in contrast, the scent of a young child does nothing to improve your mood.
    Studies using animals have shown that smell is vital for conveying information. Rodents can detect and transmit fear through smell, for instance, and animals often identify a high - ranking member of a group by its smell. A recent study has shown that people can distinguish the body odor of both happy and fearful people. But the impact of body odor on people’s mood has hardly been explored at all.
    Denise Chen of the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia hoped to find out more. So she recruited 30 volunteers in six different categories: girls and boys aged between three and eight, young adult women and men in their early twenties and elderly women and men in their seventies. The volunteers all gave samples of their body odor by strapping a gauze pad under each armpit and keeping it there for 10 hours.
    The participants were not allowed to use any perfumes or deodorants, or eat strong - smelling foods, in the four days before the samples were collected. They could shower, but only with unscented soap and shampoo. Odors were also collected from the homes of all the donors and combined into a neutral control smell.
    Chen then asked 308 university students to complete a 36 - part questionnaire that assessed how positive their mood was. Then they smelled the gauze pads from one of the gauze pads from
one of the six categories of people—without being told what the smells were. After this, the students answered the students answered around.
    People who had inhaled the samples taken from old women’s armpits respond significantly more positively, Chen found. "Old women had an uplifting effect" she says. The smell of young men, on the other hand, produced a depressive effect. In general, Chen will report in a future issue of the journal physiology and Behavior.
    Jeannette Haviland, of Rutgers University in New Jersey, who also worked on the project, says it’s possible that hormones make the body of young people signal aggression. But hormonal changes may make the odor of older people, especially women, signal that they are approachable. Alternatively, it could be that women in their golden years are generally happy, and that their odor can transmit this mood. " The air-borne chemicals that we collected from them— ’ I’eau de grandmere(smell of grandmother)’—may indicate that state," says Haviland.
Haviland tried to prove the relation between______.
选项 A、hormones and body odors
B、body odors and lifestyles
C、moods and lifestyles
D、all of the above
答案A
解析 细节题。答案在最后一段，即“可能是激素(hormones)使年轻人的体昧显示出攻击性，而老年人特别是女性体内激素的变化使得她们的体味显示出她们可亲近”。A“激素和体味”符合原文上述的说法；B“体味和生活方式”和C“情绪和生活方式”都与题干不符；D不符合逻辑，故选A。
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