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  3. Many microorganisms survive such environmental stresses as heat, cold and desiccation not by rapid rates of mitosis, but

Many microorganisms survive such environmental stresses as heat, cold and desiccation not by rapid rates of mitosis, but

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问题            Many microorganisms survive such environmental stresses as heat, cold
       and desiccation not by rapid rates of mitosis, but by producing specialized cells
       designed to persist in a dormant state in hostile environments. Most fungi, for
Line    example, yield single-celled spores, which, through wind distribution, can
(5)     survive for long periods of time before germinating and sprouting fungal
       filaments of their own. Other types of bacteria produce a special type of spore
       called an endospore, capable of withstanding such extremes as boiling and
       freezing temperatures, and even ultraviolet radiation.
           Though research results remain tentative, several factors may protect
(10)    endospores from environmental stress: they have a low water content, unusual
       proteins and a tough spore coat absent in mature bacterial cells. When garden
       fruits and vegetables, which may contain botulism endospores, are preserved by
       canning at boiling temperatures, we know that these spores survive the heat
       and sprout in the food, and as a result, the bacteria generate the botulism toxin
(15)    that can lead to food poisoning-proof of their magnificent resilience.
It may be inferred from the passage that, in contrast to their present view, microbiologists once believed that
选项 A、only a single feature of endospore biology was responsible for their success
B、potentially, a canning process could be developed that was capable of destroying all endospores
C、ultraviolet radiation was a possible means of destroying microorganisms that practice cellular dormancy
D、cellular mitosis was the root cause of the resilience of the microorganisms under discussion
E、only single-celled organisms, like those of fungal spores, could practice cellular dormancy
答案D
解析
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