首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
1 Migration is usually defined as "permanent or semipermanent change of residence." This broad definition, of course, would inc
1 Migration is usually defined as "permanent or semipermanent change of residence." This broad definition, of course, would inc
admin
2009-06-10
42
问题
1 Migration is usually defined as "permanent or semipermanent change of residence." This broad definition, of course, would include a move across the street or across a city. Our concern is with movement between nations, not with internal migration within nations, although such movements often exceed international movements in volume. Today, the motives of people who move short distances are very similar to those of international migrants.
2 Students of human migration speak of "push" and "pull" factors, which influence an individual’s decision to move from one place to another. Push factors are associated with the place of origin. A push factor can be as simple and mild a matter as difficult in finding a suitable job, or as traumatic as war, or severe famine. Obviously, refugees who leave their homes with guns pointed at their heads are motivated almost entirely by push factors (although pull factors do influence their choice of destination).
3 Pull factors are those associated with the place of destination. Most often these are economic, such as better job opportunities or the availability of good land to farm. The latter was an important factor in attracting settlers to the United States during the 19th century. In general, pull factors add up to an apparently better chance for a good life and material well- being than is offered by the place of origin. When there is a choice between several attractive potential destinations, the deciding factor might be a non-economic consideration such as the presence of relatives, friends, or at least fellow countrymen already established in the new place who are willing to help the newcomers settle in. Considerations of this sort lead to the development of migration flow.
4 Besides push and pull factors, there are what the sociologists call "intervening obstacles". Even if push and/or pull factors are very strong they still may be outweighed by intervening obstacles, such as the distance of the move, the trouble and cost of moving, the difficulty of entering the new country, and the problems likely to be encountered on arrival.
5 The decision to move is also influenced by "personal factors"of the potential migrant. The same push-pull factors and obstacles operate differently on different people, sometimes because they are at different stages of their lives, or just because of their varying abilities and personalities. The prospect of packing up everything and moving to a new and perhaps very strange environment may appear interesting and challenging to an unmarried young man and appallingly difficult to a slightly older man with a wife and small kids. Similarly, the need to learn a new language and customs may excite one person and frighten another.
6 Regardless of why people move, migration of large numbers of people causes conflict. The United States and other western countries have experienced adjustment problems with each new wave of immigrants. The newest arrivals are usually given the lowest-paid jobs and are resented by native people who may have to compete with them for those jobs. It has usually taken several decades for each group to be accepted into the mainstream of society in the host country.
The purpose of the passage is to discuss______.
选项
A、the problems of international migrants.
B、the motives of international migrants.
C、migration inside the country.
D、migration between countries.
答案
B
解析
此题为一般推理题。综观全文,作者在此文中主要讨论了导致人员迁徙的四种不同动机,故B。A、C、D均明显不符。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Kt6K777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
SowhydoItalkaboutthebenefitsoffailure?Simplybecausefailuremeantastrippingawayoftheinessential.Istoppedpret
SowhydoItalkaboutthebenefitsoffailure?Simplybecausefailuremeantastrippingawayoftheinessential.Istoppedpret
Whenshouldpeoplebemadetoretire?55?65?Shouldtherebeacompulsoryagelimit?Manyoldpeopleworkwellintotheir
Whydon’tpeoplejustsaywhattheymean?Thereasonisthatconversationalpartnersarenotmodemsdownloadinginformationin
TheConsumerPriceIndex(CPI)isameasureoftheaveragechangeovertimeinthepricespaidbyurbanconsumersforamarket
Scientistsfordecadeshaveclashedoverwhetherevolutiontakesplacegraduallyorisdrivenbyshortspurtsofintensechange
Scientistsfordecadeshaveclashedoverwhetherevolutiontakesplacegraduallyorisdrivenbyshortspurtsofintensechange
ThingstobeTaughtinEverySchoolI.Introduction:Importanceofstudents’abilitytodealwiththerealworld.A.Speaker
WhatisArt?I.DifferentOpinionsonArt—Artmakesusmorethoughtfuland【T1】______peoplea)Graphicsonvid
随机试题
下列哪项检查常用于周围神经损伤的诊断与修复水平的判断
确诊心跳骤停的最简便的依据是
一般情况下,投资者T日转托管基金申请成功后,可于()日起赎回该部分基金份额。
技术分析是以一定的假设条件为前提的,这些假设是()。Ⅰ.市场行为涵盖一切信息Ⅱ.价格沿趋势移动Ⅲ.历史会重演Ⅳ.投资者都是理性的
波斯纳提出的教师成长公式是()
根据下列资料,回答问题。2015年,我国快递业务量完成206.7亿件,实现业务收入2770亿元。全年同城快递业务量完成54亿件,同比增长52.3%;实现业务收入400.8亿元,同比增长50.7%。全国异地快递业务量完成148.4亿件,同比增长4
文化是一个国家、一个民族的灵魂。文化兴国运兴,文化强民族强。文化强国是指一个国家具有强大的文化力量。这种力量表现为
项目收尾过程是结束项目某一阶段中的所有活动,正式收尾该项目阶段的过程。_________就是按照合同约定,项目组和业主一项项地核对,检查是否完成了合同所有的要求,是否可以把项目结束掉,也就是我们通常所讲的项目验收。
阅读以下说明,回答问题。[说明]某小区采用HFC接入Intemet的解决方案进行网络设计,网络结构如图3-19所示。网络设计流程通常由以下5个阶段组成。A.确定网络物理结构B.确定网络逻辑结构C.对现有网络的体
从网络高层协议角度,网络攻击可以分为______。
最新回复
(
0
)