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  3. A recurring criticism of the UK’s university sector is its perceived weakness in translating new knowledge into new products and

A recurring criticism of the UK’s university sector is its perceived weakness in translating new knowledge into new products and

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问题     A recurring criticism of the UK’s university sector is its perceived weakness in translating new knowledge into new products and services.
    Recently, the UK National Stem Cell Network warned the UK could lose its place among the world leaders in stem cell research unless adequate funding and legislation could be assured. We should take this concern seriously as universities are key in the national innovation system.
    However, we do have to challenge the unthinking complaint that the sector does not do enough in taking ideas to market. The most recent comparative data on the performance of universities and research institutions in Australia, Canada, USA and UK shows that, from a relatively weak starting position, the UK now leads on many indicators of commercialisation activity.
    When viewed at the national level, the policy interventions of the past decade have helped transform the performance of UK universities. Evidence suggests the UK’s position is much stronger than in the recent past and is still showing improvement. But national data masks the very large variation in the performance of individual universities. The evidence shows that a large number of universities have fallen off the back of the pack, a few perform strongly and the rest chase the leaders.
    This type of uneven distribution is not peculiar to the UK and is mirrored across other economies. In the UK, research is concentrated: less than 25% of universities receive 75% of the research funding. These same universities are also the institutions producing the greatest share of PhD graduates, science citations, patents and licence income. The effect of policies generating long-term resource concentration has also created a distinctive set of universities which are research-led and commercially active. It seems clear that the concentration of research and commercialisation work creates differences between universities.
    The core objective for universities which are research-led must be to maximise the impact of their research efforts. These universities should be generating the widest range of social, economic and environmental benefits. In return for the scale of investment, they should share their expertise in order to build greater confidence in the sector.
    Part of the economic recovery of the UK will be driven by the next generation of research commercialisation spilling out of our universities. There are three dozen universities in the UK which are actively engaged in advanced research training and commercialisation work.
    If there was a greater coordination of technology transfer offices within regions and a simultaneous investment in the scale and functions of our graduate schools, universities could, and should, play a key role in positioning the UK for the next growth cycle.
How can the university sector play a key role in the UK’s economic growth?
选项 A、By promoting technology transfer and graduate school education.
B、By establishing more regional technology transfer offices.
C、By increasing the efficiency of technology transfer agencies.
D、By asking the government to invest in technology transfer research.
答案A
解析 根据题干中的university和play a key role in the UK将本题出处 定位到末段。作者在该段指出高校在英国经济增长中扮演重要角色时提到了两 个前提条件对区域内技术转化部门的协调和对高校扩建、功能的同步投资。[A] 项是对两个条件的概括，故为答案。文中说的是要“协调区域内的技术转化部门， 而不是“建立更多的区域技术转化部门”，故排除[B]。文中没有提及要“提高 区域内的技术转化部门的工作效率”，故排除[C]。[D]是将两项建议混合编造 的干扰项。
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