首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Psychologists originally used the term short-term memory to refer to the ability to hold information in mind over a brief period
Psychologists originally used the term short-term memory to refer to the ability to hold information in mind over a brief period
admin
2013-04-22
34
问题
Psychologists originally used the term short-term memory to refer to the ability to hold information in mind over a brief period of time. As conceptions of short-terra memory expanded to include more than just the brief storage of information, psychologists created new terminology. The term working memory is now commonly used to refer to a broader system that both stores information briefly and allows manipulation and use of the stored information.
Psychologists often study working memory storage by examining how well people remember a list of items. In a typical experiment, people are presented with a series of words, one every few seconds. Then they are instructed to recall as many of the words as they can, in any order. Most people remember the words at the beginning and end of the series better than those in the middle. This phenomenon is called the serial position effect because the chance of recalling an item is related to its position in the series. In this experiment, recall was tested either immediately after presentation of the list items or after 30 seconds. Subjects in both conditions demonstrated what is known as the primacy effect, which is better recall of the first few list items. Psychologists believe this effect occurs because people tend to process the first few items more than later items. Subjects in the immediate-recall condition also showed the recency effect, or better recall of the last items on the list.
Working memory has a basic limitation: It can hold only a limited amount of information at one time. Early research on short-term storage of information focused on memory span--bow many items people can correctly recall in order. More recent studies have attempted to separate true storage capacity from processing capacity by using tests more complex than memory span. These studies have estimated a somewhat lower short-term storage capacity than did the earlier experiments. People can overcome such storage limitations by grouping information into chunks, or meaningful units.
Working memory is critical for mental work, or thinking. The ability to carry out these kinds of calculations depends on working memory capacity, which varies individually. Studies have also shown that working memory changes with age. As children grow older, their working memory capacity increases. Working memory declines in old age and in some types of brain diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Working memory capacity is correlated with intelligence (as measured by intelligence tests). This correlation has led some psychologists to argue that working memory abilities are essentially those that underlie general intelligence. In addition, research suggests that there are different types of working memory. For example, the ability to hold visual images in mind seems independent from the ability to retain verbal information.
Which of the following about working memory is NOT mentioned?
选项
A、Working memory is crucial to mental work.
B、Working memory is closed related to one’s intelligence.
C、Working memory has boundless potential.
D、Working memory has different types.
答案
C
解析
细节理解题。对应文中第三、四段,文中说工作记忆有局限性,但井未提到工作记忆的潜力问题,因此选C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/LBQK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Onceuponatime,youbelievedinthetoothfairy.Youcountedonthestabilityofhousingpricesanddependedonbankerstobe,
There’sbeenalotoftalk【C1】______aboutwhoshouldgotocollegeandwhoshouldnot.Andthe【C2】______thathaveguidedthista
Mostpeoplepicturesharks【C1】______huge,powerful,frightening【C2】______readyatanymomentstousetheirsharpteethtoattack
Whatdoyoulookforinapotentialdate?Sincerity?Goodlooks?Character?Conversationalability?Askedto【C1】______suchquali
Somedayastrangerwillreadyoure-mailwithoutyourpermissionorscanthewebsitesyou’vevisited.Orperhapssomeonewillca
Researchershaveestablishedthatwhenpeoplearementally【C1】______biochemicalchangesoccurinthebrainthatallowitto【C2】_
Howmenfirstlearnedtoinventwordsisunknown;【B1】,theoriginoflanguageisamystery.Allwereallyknowisthatmen,un
Howmenfirstlearnedtoinventwordsisunknown;【B1】,theoriginoflanguageisamystery.Allwereallyknowisthatmen,un
Theentirecommunitydecidestosend______proposalstotheCommunityResidentialCommittee.
MorethanayearlaterhearrivedbackinAmerica______.
随机试题
(11年4月真题)避免国际重复征税的方法有()
技能水平随练习而提高的一般趋势是()
正常人瞳孔大小为
模数式伸缩缝进行力学性能试验,长度不小于()m。
《城市房屋拆迁管理条例》规定,拆迁范围确定后,拆迁范围内的单位和个人,不得进行下列()活动。
化学品安全技术说明书是关于化学燃爆、毒性和环境危害以及安全用途、泄漏应急处理、主要理化参数、法律法规等各方面信息的综合性文件。下列关于化学品安全技术说明书的说法中,错误的是()。
路面标线划分机动车道与非机动车道时,规范推荐1条自行车带的路段通行能力为()。
某水利枢纽工程,主要工程项目有大坝、泄洪闸、引水洞、发电站等,2003年2月开工,2004年6月申报文明建设工地,此时已完成全部建安工程量25%。有关主管部门为加强质量管理,在工地现场成立了由省水利工程质量监督中心站以及工程项目法人、设计单位和监理单位人
Paula:Thefutureisdeterminedbytheactionsofthepresentday.Theresponsibilitywehaveforthefuturebeginswhenwe
A、Napsmayhelptoimproveworkefficiency.B、Napsmayhelpworkersworkforlongerhours.C、Napsmaystopworkersdevelopinghe
最新回复
(
0
)