首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. I
Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. I
admin
2014-07-20
31
问题
Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such a behavior is regarded as "all too human", with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.
The researchers studied the behavior of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of "goods and services" than males.
Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behavior became markedly different.
In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin.
The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-living species. Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.
What can we infer from the last paragraph?
选项
A、Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.
B、Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.
C、Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.
D、Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.
答案
B
解析
推断类。However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans,or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35million years ago,is,as yet,an unanswered question.最后一段说在人类和猩猩身上的希望受到公正待遇的本质从何而来,还是一个未知的答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/LDTK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Thereductionof______UNpeace-keepingtroopswithin3monthsfromRwandaisauthorized.
Moreandmoreemployersaredemandingthatworkerswhosmokeorareoverweightshoulderagreatershareoftheirhealthcarecos
Atschoolwewentoveroursocialnetworkingguidelines.(1)_____theobvious—don’tbeinappropriatewithstudentsthroughtextin
Shehasrecentlyleftajobandhadhelpedherselftocopiesofthecompany’sclientdata,whichsheintendedto______instart
Islamisacompletewayoflife.ItconsidersthefamilythecornerstoneofIslamicsociety.Itbasestheatmosphereinthefam
After21yearsofmarriage,mywifewantedmetotakeanotherwomanouttodinnerandamovie.Shesaid,"Iloveyou,butIknow
Thesecurityguardhaddifficultyin______thefansfromrushingontothestagetotakephotoswiththepopsinger.
Thenewcolleague______tohaveworkedinseveralbigcorporationsbeforehejoinedourcompany.
ThemadnessexhibitedduringtheChristmaswas______oftheovercommercializationofasawedholiday.
______,Mr.Wellsisscarcelyinsympathywiththeworkingclass.[2005]
随机试题
患儿女,3岁,在1h前误服浓盐酸少许,现腹上区疼痛,查体:意识清,唇及口腔有灼伤。心肺(-),上腹部压痛明显。无肌紧张及反跳痛。应采取()
患者,男,16岁。左下后牙龋洞,无明显自发痛,食物嵌入时痛。检查:左下6面龋坏,软化牙本质较多,叩(-),冷试敏感,电活力正常,去除无基釉后去腐敏感,不能全部去净。充填时垫底材料选用
防止高尿酸血症肾性慢性粒细胞白血病常首选的化疗方案
可行性研究中社会影响评价,主要内容涉及()。
“预付账款”科目所属明细科目的贷方余额,在编制资产负债表时应反映在()项目中。
在两个相同的长方形塑料盒子的一端用潮湿的土壤分别搭起一座相同坡度的“小山”,从盒子的另一端倒入等量的水。形成“湖泊”。不同的是在其中一个盒子内,将一块微湿的海绵压入小山底端的土壤里(见图)。分别用两个喷水壶。往“小山”上洒等量的水,模拟降水。观察、比较两个
使用命令DECLAREmm(2,3)定义的数组,包含的数组元素(下标变量)的个数为______。
FDAhasapprovedtheplanofusingHIVtocurecancerinhumans.TheHIVvirushascausedmoredeathsindevelopedcountries.
WhatisHilaryKingsley?
A、Buythewatchfor$20.B、SeeBonniethisweekend.C、Borrowsomemoneyfromthewoman.D、AskBonnietopaybackthemoney.C行动
最新回复
(
0
)