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  3. The world as we know it, some believe, needs fossil fuel to grow. "Global demand for energy is rising, driven by growing populat

The world as we know it, some believe, needs fossil fuel to grow. "Global demand for energy is rising, driven by growing populat

admin2023-01-30  4
问题     The world as we know it, some believe, needs fossil fuel to grow. "Global demand for energy is rising, driven by growing population with rising living standards," reads the Shell website. A recently-deleted British Petroleum ad said, "The world needs progress, seeking new possibilities everywhere so we can keep powering dreams and ambitions. " In other words, the key to people of the world living long, more prosperous lives is access to energy.
    However, a study in the journal Environmental Research Letters came to a starkly different conclusion. After examining the relationship between the life expectancy and fossil fuel use across 70 countries from the year 1971 to 2014, the researchers found that the increase in energy consumption was not the primary reason countries saw the increased life expectancy. Although energy and energy consumption were correlated with the life expectancy—an increase of 14 years over the 43-year period—the increase in energy use only accounted for roughly one-quarter of that increase; roughly four of those 14 years.
    "The easiest way to explain this is a thought experiment: given the relationships we measure from our data, can we measure how much the life expectancy would have increased if only fossil fuel emissions had increased? And can we measure how much the life expectancy would have increased without any increase in fossil fuel emissions? The total of these two add up to the total change in the life expectancy," said lead author of the study Julia Steinberger, via email.
    However, the researchers found that increased energy consumption was associated with a 90% increase in GDP—the economic meter usually used as a basis for assessing a country’s well-being, and ultimately the well-being of its residents. Academics have debated whether increasing GDP is possible while also reducing carbon emissions for a long time.
    For their part, the authors argue that GDP is an intrinsically flawed meter for residents’ well-being because, just because it does assess the economic standing of a nation, doesn’t mean it speaks to how that wealth is (or isn’t) distributed, let alone how long and well residents will live. If policymakers mean what they say when they claim to care about improving people’s lives while lowering greenhouse gas emissions, these findings are good for everybody.

What did a recently-deleted BP ad show?
选项 A、People always need dreams and ambitions.
B、Global demand for energy is rising.
C、The life expectancy is determined by the access to energy.
D、The growing population has raised living standards.
答案C
解析 由题干中的a recently-deleted BP ad定位到第一段第三、四句。细节辨认题。定位句提到了一条最近被删除的英国石油公司的广告。广告中指出，世界需要进步，到处寻求新的可能性，这样我们才能持续助力梦想和抱负。世界人口能够长寿、生活更富足的关键是对能源的获取。由此可知，人们的寿命和生活质量取决于对能源的获取，故答案为C)。
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