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  3. What is Market? The word market is used in a number of ways. There is a stock market and automobile market, a retail market for

What is Market? The word market is used in a number of ways. There is a stock market and automobile market, a retail market for

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问题 What is Market?
The word market is used in a number of ways. There is a stock market and automobile market, a retail market for furniture and a wholesale market for furniture. One person may be going to the market; another may plan to market a product. What, then is a market? A market may be defined as a place where buyers and sellers meet, goods or services are offered for sale, and transfers of ownership occur. A market may also be defined as the demand made by a certain group of potential buyers for a good or service. For instance, there is a farm market for petroleum products. The terms market and demand are often used interchangeably; they, may also be used jointly as market demand.
These definitions are not sufficiently precise to be useful to us here. For business purposes we define a market as people or organizations with wants (needs) to satisfy, money to spend, and the willingness to spend it. Thus in the market demand for any given product or service, there are three factors to consider — people or organizations with wants (needs), their purchasing power, and their buying behavior.
We shall employ the dictionary definition of needs: the lack of anything that is required, desired, or useful. We do not limit needs to the narrow physiological requirements of food, clothing and shelter essential for survival. In our discussion the words and wants are used synonymously and interchangeably. In a strict interpretation, however, needs would refer to such basic physiological requirements as food, clothing, and shelter, while wants would be such basic preferences. However, in our affluent society, little is to be gained by trying to differentiate between the two. Many of us would see as needs some items that are far beyond food, clothing, and shelter.
选项 A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
答案A
解析 问题句说“市场可以根据市场上出售的商品类别和商品怎样被出售来进行分类。”这道题借助常识判断应该是正确的。也可在原文中确认答案，答案查找线索词：classify(分类)和goods(商品)或与它们相近的表达方式。并依据常识(第一题的答案往往蕴涵在文章的开头部分)在第一段中查找。原文中似乎并没直接提及“市场的分类与商品的关系”，但该段的段首句提到了“市场这个词有多种用法。”该句表明该段将论述有关市场的一些定义，而且在该句后的一个句子是有关“市场”的一些例子，该句说“有股票市场、汽车市场、家具的零售和批发市场”，不难发现该句正与问题句说法相符。(注意：有时考题会考察考生对原文中的一些语句的总结概括的能力。)
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