首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
How efficient is our system of criminal trial? Does it really do the basic job we ask of it—convicting the guilty and acquitting
How efficient is our system of criminal trial? Does it really do the basic job we ask of it—convicting the guilty and acquitting
admin
2013-05-10
34
问题
How efficient is our system of criminal trial? Does it really do the basic job we ask of it—convicting the guilty and acquitting the innocent? It is often said that the British trail system is more like a game than a serious attempt to do justice. The lawyers on each side are so engrossed in playing hard to win, challenging each other and the judge on technical points, that the object of finding out the truth is almost forgotten. All the effort is concentrated on the big day, on the dramatic cross examination of the key witnesses in front of the jury. Critics like to compare our "adversarial" system (resembling two adversaries engaged in a contest) with the continental "inquisitorial" system, under which the judge plays a more important inquiring role.
In early times, in the Middle Ages, the systems of trial across Europe were similar. At that time trial by "ordeal"—especially a religious event—was the main way of testing guilt or innocence. When this way eventually abandoned the two systems parted company. On the continent church-trained legal officials took over the function of both prosecuting and judging, while in England these were largely left to lay people, the Justice of the Peace and the jurymen who were illiterate and this meant that all the evidence had to be put to them orally. This historical accident dominates procedure even today, with all evidence being given in open court by word of mouth on the crucial day.
On the other hand, in France for instance, all the evidence is written before the trial under supervision by an investigating judge. This exhaustive pretrial looks very undramaticj much of it is just a public checking of the written records already gathered.
The Americans adopted the British system lock, stock and barrel and enshrined it in their constitution. But, while the basic features of our systems are common, there are now significant differences in the way serious cases are handled. First, because the U. S. A. has virtually no contempt of court laws to prevent pretrial publicity in the newspaper and on television, American lawyers are allowed to question jurors about knowledge and beliefs.
In Britain this is virtually never allowed, and a random selection of jurors who are presumed not to be prejudiced are empanelled. Secondly, there is no separate profession of barrister in the United States, and both prosecution and defense lawyers who are to present cases in court prepare themselves. They go out and visit the scene, track down and interview witnesses, and familiarize themselves personally with the background. In Britain it is the solicitor who prepares the case, and the barrister who appears in court is not even allowed to meet witness beforehand. British barristers also alternate doing both prosecution and defense work. Being kept distant from the preparation and regularly appearing for both sides, barristers are said to avoid becoming too personally involved, and can approach cases more dispassionately. American lawyers, however, often know their cases better.
Reformers rightly want to learn from other countries’ mistakes and successes. But what is clear is that justice systems, largely because they are the result of long historical growth, are peculiarly difficult to adapt piecemeal.
The passage______.
选项
A、questions whether the system of trial by jury can ever be completely efficient
B、suggests a number of reforms which should be made to the legal system of various countries
C、describes how the British legal system works and compares it favourably with other systems
D、compares the legal systems of a number of countries and discusses their advantages and disadvantages
答案
D
解析
综合全文,我们可以看到,文章第一段指出了英国法律制度存在的弊端,第二段谈到英国法律制度的优点,第三段谈到英国法律制度相比法国法律制度存在的利弊,第四、第五段则评述了英美国家法律制度的异同。由此我们可以推断,全文的主旨是将几国的法律制度相比较并阐述了他们各自的利弊,因此正确答案应当为D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/MYxd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
BeforeMikebecameanactor,whatkindofschooldidhegoto?
Withtherapidglobalizationofscienceitself(morethan40percentofscientificPh.D.studentstrainedintheUnitedStates
Galaxiesarethemajor’buildingblocksOftheuniverse:Agalaxyisgiantfamilyofmanymillionsofstars,anditisheld
Therearemorerichpeoplethaneverbefore,includingsome7millionmillionaires,andover400billionaires.Fromsippingcham
Sincethe【21】______oftheNationalEnvironmentalPoliciesActin1969,theUnitedStatesCongress,legislatureatthefede
Sincethe【21】______oftheNationalEnvironmentalPoliciesActin1969,theUnitedStatesCongress,legislatureatthefede
(61)Beautyhasalwaysbeenregardedassomethingpraiseworthy.Almosteveryonethinksattractivepeoplearehappierandhealthi
Runningafeverwasoncethoughttobetheprerogativeofwarm-bloodedcreatures,whoseinternaltemperaturesareindependentof
Whatmustyoumakesurewhenyouloadthecassette?
随机试题
与《涛经.氓》题材类似的作品是()
患者男,19岁。患者突然昏倒,不省人事,口吐涎沫,手足抽搐,大小便失禁,2~3分钟后苏醒,醒后自觉头晕、头痛、嗜睡、疲倦乏力。以后每月大发作几次,每日数次小发作。脑电图诊断为:病灶性痫症(左侧半球病灶)。为了确定癫痫病灶的具体部位可以做什么检查
林某,女性,63岁,慢性阻塞性肺气肿急性发作。住院后其入院评估、基础护理、专科护理、心理护理、健康教育及出院指导等,均由一名主管护士及辅助护士负责。该护理模式为
税务机关采取税收保全措施有着严格的适用条件。下列几种情况哪些属于税务机关采取税收保全措施必须满足的条件?
下列有关审计业务的说法中,正确的是()。
中国长江流域四大云海是()。
下列人物中,不属于人们常说的语文教育界“三老”的是()。
教学过程是由教师、学生、教学内容、教学手段等基本要素构成。在这些因素中教师起主导作用;学生在教学过程中则是学习的主体;教学内容是教师对学生施加影响的主要信息,是教和学的依据;而教学手段则是教师得以有效地传递信息、提高教学效率的保证。()
绿色收人:指通过合法手段得到的工资以外的收入。下列属于绿色收入的是()。
∫xcos2xdx=_______
最新回复
(
0
)