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  3. Many things make people think artists are weird. But the weirdest may be this: artists’ only job is to explore emotions, and yet

Many things make people think artists are weird. But the weirdest may be this: artists’ only job is to explore emotions, and yet

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问题    Many things make people think artists are weird. But the weirdest may be this: artists’ only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad.
   This wasn’t always so. The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for expressing joy. But somewhere from the 19th century onward, more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless, phony or, worst of all, boring, as we went from Wordsworth’s daffodils to Baudelaire’ s flowers of evil.
   You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen so much misery. But it’s not as if earlier times didn’t know perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents.
   The reason, in fact, may be just the opposite: there is too much damn happiness in the world today.
   After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness? Advertising. The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology.
   People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.
   Today the messages the average Westerner is surrounded with are not religious but commercial, and forever happy. Fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling, smiling. Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. And since these messages have an agenda—to lure us to open our wallets—they make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable. "Celebrate!"commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex, before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks.
   But what we forget—what our economy depends on us forgetting—is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need art to tell us, as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. It’ s a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air.
Which of the following is true of the text?
选项 A、Religion once functioned as a reminder of misery.
B、Art provides a balance between expectation and reality.
C、People feel disappointed at the realities of modern society.
D、Mass media are inclined to cover disasters and deaths.
答案A
解析 细节题。本题可用排除法。A项可以定位到第五段第三句，文中提到“教会提醒信众们他 们的灵魂处于危险之中，他们迟早会成为蚁虫的食粮”，因此A项“宗教过去的功能是提醒痛苦 的存在”正确。B项似是而非，将艺术的作用“提醒人们痛苦的现实”换成“提供期望和现实之间 的平衡”。C项“人们对现代社会的现实感到失望”原文没有提到。D项张冠李戴，将早期教堂传 播的内容说成是现代大众媒体倾向于报道的内容。
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