People born in autumn live longer than those born in spring and are less likely to fall chronically ill when they are older, acc

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问题 People born in autumn live longer than those born in spring and are less likely to fall chronically ill when they are older, according to an Austrian scientist, Using census (人口普查) data for more than one million people in Austrian. Denmark and Australia, scientists at the Max Plank Institute for Demographic (人口统计的) Research found the month of birth was related to life expectancy over the age of 50. Seasonal differences in what mothers ate during pregnancy, and infections occurring at different times of the year could both have an impact on the health of a new - bom baby and could influence its life expectancy in old age. " A mother giving birth in spring spends the last stage of her pregnancy in winter, when she will eat fewer vitamins than in summer. " said one of the scientists. " When she stops breast - feeding and starts giving her baby normal food, it’s in the hot weeks of summer when babies are inclined to infections of the digestive system. " In Austria, adults born in autumn lived about seven months longer than those born in spring, and in Denmark adults with birthdays in autumn outlived those born in spring by about four months. In the southern hemisphere, the picture is similar. A-dults born in the Australian autumn lived about four months longer than those born in the Australian spring. The study focused on people born at the beginning of the 20th century, using death certificates and census data. Although nutrition at all times of the year has improved since then, the seasonal pattern persists.
The term "life expectancy" (Line7) refers to________.

选项 A、the average period that a person may expect to live
B、the length of time for each person
C、the expectations of a person’s life
D、the seasonal changes in a person’s life

答案A

解析这是一道有关语意的题型，即要求考生根据上下文推测单词或短语的意思。本题可用构词法进行分析，题干给出的单词是由life和expectancy构成的复合词。Life表示“生活，生命，活力等”，而expectancy则表示“期望、期待”，因此可以推断life expectancy表示人的平均预期寿命，所以选项A符合题意。

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