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  3. High-speed ground transportation ( HSGT) technologies with vehicle speeds exceeding 150 mph can be divided into two basic catego

High-speed ground transportation ( HSGT) technologies with vehicle speeds exceeding 150 mph can be divided into two basic catego

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问题     High-speed ground transportation ( HSGT) technologies with vehicle speeds exceeding 150 mph can be divided into two basic categories;
    High-speed rail (HSR) systems, with top speeds between 150 and 200 mph, use steel wheels on steel rails, as with traditional railroads, but can achieve higher speeds because of the design of both the rail bed and cars.
    High-speed magnetic levitation (MAGLEV) systems, with top speeds between 250 and 300 mph, use forces of attraction or repulsion from powerful magnets placed in either the vehicle or the guideway beneath it both to lift the vehicle above the guideway and to propel it forward. A MAGLEV vehicle can be likened to a flying train or a guided aircraft.
    If linked effectively with highways and air service, HSGT technologies—particularly MAGLEV—could have a significant impact on congestion in the future.
    When comparing HSR with MAGLEV technologies, MAGLEV appears to be the technology of choice. Though the new generation of HSR technology can reach commercial speeds of up to 186 mph, additional increases in speed pose great engineering problems, suggesting that rail transportation is a mature technology. MAGLEV technology, on the other hand, is in its infancy and will improve substantially with additional engineering.
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答案车速超过每小时150英里的高速地面交通系统技术，可以分为两个基本类别： 一种是最高速度可以达到每小时150到200英里的高速铁路系统。与传统铁路相同的是，这种铁路在钢轨上用钢轮，但是由于铁路路床和车厢的设计，可以达到更高的速度。 另外一种是最高速度可以达到每小时250到300英里的高速磁悬浮系统。这种系统利用安装在列车内部或者是下面导轨内的强大的磁铁吸引力或排斥力，将列车抬起来，使其悬浮在导轨之上，以此推动列车前进。可以把磁悬浮列车比作飞行的火车或制导的飞机。 如果同公路运输和空中运输有效地连接起来，高速地面交通系统技术，尤其是磁悬浮技术，对解决未来的交通拥挤问题可能发挥重大作用。 如果将高速铁路技术和磁悬浮技术作比较，磁悬浮技术似乎是更佳选择。虽然新一代的高速铁路技术能够实现每小时186英里的商业速度，但是额外提高速度会带来巨大的工程问题。这表明，铁路运输技术已经成熟。相反，磁悬浮技术则处于幼年阶段，并将随着工程技术的发展而大大改善。
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