首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
At the fall 2001 Social Science History Association convention in Chicago, the Crime and Justice network sponsored a forum on th
At the fall 2001 Social Science History Association convention in Chicago, the Crime and Justice network sponsored a forum on th
admin
2005-12-10
65
问题
At the fall 2001 Social Science History Association convention in Chicago, the Crime and Justice network sponsored a forum on the history of gun ownership, gun use, and gun violence in the United States. Our purpose was to consider how social science historians might contribute to the public debate over gun control and gun rights. To date, we have had little impact on that debate. It has been dominated by mainstream social scientists and historians, especially scholars such as Gary Kleck, John Lott, and Michael Bellesiles, whose work, despite profound flaws, is politically congenial to either opponents or proponents of gun control. Kleck and Mark Gertz, for instance, argue on the basis of their widely cited survey that gun owners prevent numerous crimes each year in the United States by using firearms to defend themselves and their property. If their survey respondents are to be believed, American gun owners shot 100, 000 criminals in 1994 in self-defense--a preposterous number. Lott claims on the basis of his statistical analysis of recent crime rates that laws allowing private individuals to carry concealed firearms deter murders, rapes, and robberies, because criminals are afraid to attack potentially armed victims. However, he biases his results by confining his analysis to the year between 1977 and 1992, when violent crime rates had peaked and varied little from year to year. He reports only regression models that support his thesis and neglects to mention that each of those models find a positive relationship between violent crime and real income, and an inverse relationship between violent crime and unemployment.
Contrary to Kleck and Lott, Bellesiles insists that guns and America’s "gun culture" are responsible for America’s high rates of murder. In Bellesiles’s opinion, relatively few Americans owned guns before the 1850s or know how to use, maintain, or repair them. As a result, he says, guns contributed little to the homicide rate, especially among white, which was low everywhere, even in the South and on the frontier, where historians once assume guns and murder went hand in hand. According to Bellesiles, these patterns changed dramatically after the Mexican War and especially after the Civil War, when gun ownership became widespread and cultural changes encouraged the use of handguns to command respect and resolve personal and political disputes. The result was an unprecedented wave of gun-related homicides that never truly abated. To this day, the United States has the highest homicide rate of any industrial democracy. Bellesiles’s low estimates of gun ownership in early America conflict, however, with those of every historian who has previously studied the subject and have thus far proven irreproducible.
Every homicide statistic he presents is either misleading or wrong.
Given the influence of KJeck, Lott, Beliesiles, and other partisan scholars on the debate over gun control and gun rights, we felt a need to pull together what social science historians have learned to date about the history of gun ownership and gun violence in America, and to consider what research methods and projects might increase our knowledge in the near future.
The author mentions Kleck, Lott, and Bellesiles mainly to ______.
选项
A、illustrate the influence they have on the issue of gun control
B、refute the claim that private ownership of firearms will deter violent crimes
C、support the thesis that gun ownership leads to more violence
D、demonstrate why research methods should be improved in the study of the gun ownership history
答案
D
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/NWIO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Readthearticlebelowaboutprojectmanagement.Choosethebestsentencefromtheoppositepagetofilleachofthegaps.
Readthetextbelowaboutbusinesseswhoprofitfromhiringfreelancewriters.Inmostofthelines(34-45)thereisoneextra
Readthetextbelowaboutacompany’sapproachtosocialresponsibility.Inmostofthelines(34-45),thereisoneextrawor
•Lookatthenotesbelow.•Someinformationismissing.•YouwillhearatelephonetalkonmakingTVcommercial.•Forea
FortheAMAT,in1998,theSalesareexpectedtoreachAccordingtothetalk,in1997,theSalesofAMATis
•Youwillheararadiointerview.TheintervieweristalkingtoayoungbusinessmancalledAlexBaker,whopublishesasuccessf
•LookatthenotesaboutanAmericanbusinessmancalmedMatthewWebb,whoisworkingintheUKforacompanycalledElectra.•So
Whatisthemostimportantaspectofamanager’sjob?AccordingtoProf.Bevan,whichitemcomesoutlastonthelistofmotivati
NicholasChauvin,aFrenchsoldier,airedhisvenerationofNapoleonBonaparteso______andunceasinglythathebecamethelaug
Turningcultivatedlandbackintoforestsorpastureisafundamentalwaytostemsoil______anddesertificationinthelongru
随机试题
A.杆形卡环B.回力卡环C.联合卡环D.对半卡环E.圈形卡环与基牙接触面小,暴露金属少的卡环是
医患关系是以社会主义法制为保障建立起来的
甲开车正常行驶,避让不及将快速跑过马路的乙撞成重伤。事后查明,当时乙正在追赶前面的女青年丙,准备实施强奸行为。对甲的行为定性,下列哪些选项是错误的?()
下列不属于道德的特征的是()。
根据我国《刑事诉讼法》的规定,一般情况下(非流窜作案、多次作案、结伙作案的重大嫌疑分子),拘留持续时间最长不得超过()。
劳动教养人员在劳动教养期间进行违法活动,尚不够追究刑事责任的,可以延长劳动教养期限,但累计不得超过()。
小李于2013年10月2日与某软件开发公司签订劳动合同一份,双方约定如下:合同期限为3年,试用期9个月,试用期工资为3000元人民币(转正后工资为4000元人民币)。小李于2013年11月2日到公司报到上班。下列说法错误的是()。
HousesoftheFutureWhatwillhousesbelikeinthirtyyears’time?Noonereallyknows,butarchitectsaretryingtopredict
Youngpeoplearefacinganuncertainfuture.Asthe21stcenturydawned,theywerepromisedawealthofprospectsunless【M1】____
A、Itisararephenomenon.B、Itchangesuselesslandintoproductiveland.C、Itchangescroplandintodesert.D、Ithelpsfarmers
最新回复
(
0
)