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  3. Police officers may hope that their presence in schools will help them build strong relationships with students, improving polic

Police officers may hope that their presence in schools will help them build strong relationships with students, improving polic

admin2018-03-26  96
问题    Police officers may hope that their presence in schools will help them build strong relationships with students, improving police-community relations over the long term. But achieving that goal may require rethinking law enforcement’s role in education, a new report suggests.
   Looking at federal data from the 2013 - 2014 school year, researchers at Education Week found that students in schools with at least one school resource officer(SRO)were 1.5 times more likely to be arrested than their peers in schools that did not have a police presence. The disparity is particularly stark for black students, possibly because police presence is concentrated in districts with a higher proportion of minority students. Black boys were three times more likely to be arrested at school than white boys, the report found.
   Rather than building relationships and improving outcomes, students who are arrested or referred to law enforcement can see a drop in school performance and are disproportionately more likely to get involved with the law again as adults, researchers say. Racial bias means that outcomes are particularly poor in communities of color.
   Spurred by rising fears of violent crime during the 1980s and 1990s, some schools began turning to police to increase safety on campus. With federal funding, their presence only grew. Following tragedies like the school shooting at Columbine High School in Colorado, an increasing number of parents called for security measures like metal detectors and armed officers. By 2013-2014, 44,000 "school resource officers" worked in schools on a full- or part-time basis.
   In some cases, hiring these officers has resulted in an impressive drop in incidents. But the national picture is less positive. Particularly in schools with a high proportion of minorities, the SROs are overused, taking on disciplinary functions that classroom teachers have traditionally performed, experts say.
   Arresting students, rather than having a classroom teacher discipline them, brings financial and emotional costs. An American Civil Liberties Union report found that arrested students were twice as likely to drop out of high school—and for those who appeared in court, that figure doubled.
   Compounding the problem, the cost of employing school resource officers means many schools with a police presence are less likely to have school counselors who can keep an eye on the psychological and developmental effects of arrests on children, Education Week reported. Detaining students also drains the budget of money that could be used to educate them.
   So how can police officers help ensure safety without becoming disciplinarians(纪律严明者)who grease the school-to-prison pipeline? Training is key, National Association of School Resource Officers executive director Mo Canady told Education Week. SROs should see themselves not only as members of law enforcement, but also embrace their role as educators on issues like drug prevention and as informal counselors for students, Mr. Canady said.
The federal data quoted in Paragraph Two indicate that______.
选项 A、schools in minority district are in need of SROs
B、police officers tend to arrest minority students
C、the existence of SROs intensified campus violence
D、the SROs may have failed to function as expected
答案D
解析 推理判断题。本题考查对第二段中引用数据的理解。由定位句可知，在至少有一名校园辅警的学校中，该校学生被逮捕的几率是其他没有辅警学校学生的1．5倍。引用这些数据的意图也可以回溯到上一段，作者提到了安排校园辅警的积极意图，但也在随后一句话中提到这个目的并没有达成，可见引用这些数据是为了说明安排驻校警官并没有达成预期的效果，故D)为答案。A)“少数民族地区的学校需要配置校园辅警”是对原文第二段最后两句的曲解，原文提到少数民族地区有校园辅警的学校学生被逮捕的反而更多，故排除；B)“警官们通常逮捕少数民族学生”在文中并没有提及，故排除；C)“校园辅警的存在加剧了校园暴力”，逮捕学生的人数增加不能说明校园暴力情况恶化，故排除。
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