首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Facing water shortages and escalating fertilizer costs, farmers in developing countries are using raw sewage(下水道污水)to irrigate a
Facing water shortages and escalating fertilizer costs, farmers in developing countries are using raw sewage(下水道污水)to irrigate a
admin
2021-01-08
54
问题
Facing water shortages and escalating fertilizer costs, farmers in developing countries are using raw sewage(下水道污水)to irrigate and fertilize nearly 49 million acres of cropland, according to a new report—and it may not be a bad thing.
While the practice carries serious health risks for many, those dangers are outweighed by the social and economic gains for poor urban farmers and consumers who need affordable food.
" There is a large potential for wastewater agriculture to both help and hurt great numbers of urban consumers," said Liqa Raschid-Sally, who led the study.
The report focused on poor urban areas, where farms in or near cities supply relatively inexpensive food. Most of these operations draw irrigation water from local rivers or lakes. Unlike developed cities, however, these areas lack advanced water-treatment facilities, and rivers effectively become sewers(下水道).
When this water is used for agricultural irrigation, farmers risk absorbing disease-causing bacteria, as do consumers who eat the produce raw and unwashed. Nearly 2. 2 million people die each year because of diarrhea-related(与腹泻相关的)diseases, according to WHO statistics. More than 80% of those cases can be attributed to contact with contaminated water and a lack of proper sanitation. But Pay Drechsel, an environmental scientist, argues that the social and economic benefits of using untreated human waste to grow food outweigh the health risks.
Those dangers can be addressed with farmer and consumer education, he said, while the free water and nutrients from human waste can help urban farmers in developing countries to escape poverty.
Agriculture is a water-intensive business, accounting for nearly 70% of global fresh water consumption.
In poor, dry regions, untreated wastewater is the only viable irrigation source to keep farmers in business. In some cases, water is so scarce that farmers break open sewage pipes transporting waste to local rivers.
Irrigation is the primary agricultural use of human waste in the developing world. But frequently untreated human waste harvested from lavatories is delivered to farms and spread as fertilizer.
In most cases, the human waste is used on grain crops, which are eventually cooked, minimizing the risk of transmitting water-borne diseases. With fertilizer prices jumping nearly 50% per metric ton over the last year in some places, human waste is an attractive, and often necessary, alternative.
In cases where sewage mud is used, expensive chemical fertilizer use can be avoided. The mud contains the same critical nutrients.
"Overly strict standards often fail," James Bartram, a WHO water-health expert, said. "We need to accept that fact across much of the planet, so waste with little or no treatment will be used in agriculture for good reason. "
What is the main problem caused by the use of wastewater for irrigation?
选项
A、Rivers and lakes nearby will gradually become contaminated.
B、It will drive producers of chemical fertilizers out of business.
C、Farmers and consumers may be affected by harmful bacteria.
D、It will make the farm produce less competitive on the market.
答案
C
解析
细节理解题。定位句指出,使用污水进行农业灌溉,会产生健康风险:农民和那些生食未经清洗的农产品的消费者可能会摄入由细菌引发的疾病,故答案为C)。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/NZP7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
Intheworldofentertainment,TVtalkshowshaveundoubtedlyfloodedeveryinchofspaceondaytimetelevision.Andanyonewho
Intheworldofentertainment,TVtalkshowshaveundoubtedlyfloodedeveryinchofspaceondaytimetelevision.Andanyonewho
AmericansEugeneFama,LarsPeterHansenandRobertShillerwontheNobelPrizeforeconomicsonMondayfordevelopingmethodst
The35-year-oldBeijingwomaniswatchinganadshowingagianttelevisionmadebytheChinesecompanyHaier.Astreamofintrod
The35-year-oldBeijingwomaniswatchinganadshowingagianttelevisionmadebytheChinesecompanyHaier.Astreamofintrod
Itseemslogical:Collegegraduateshavelowerunemploymentandearnmorethanlesseducatedworkers,so,thethinkinggoes,the
Itseemslogical:Collegegraduateshavelowerunemploymentandearnmorethanlesseducatedworkers,so,thethinkinggoes,the
Asforsalaryandinterest,whichismoreimportantinjob-hunting?Differentpeoplehavedifferentanswers.Writeacomposition
随机试题
A.异烟肼B.利福平C.乙胺丁醇D.吡嗪酰胺E.卡那霉素可引起周围神经炎的是
血吸虫病引起的肠道病变包括
有一名出生后6天的男孩,早产2周,双大腿外侧皮肤发硬,肿胀,压久轻度凹陷,经医生检查诊断为新生儿硬肿症,预防要点最主要的是
A.下肢外侧后缘B.上肢内侧中线C.下肢外侧前缘D.上肢外侧中线E.上肢内侧后缘患者病发心绞痛,沿手少阴经放散,其病变部位在
肺痈一般分为四期论治,下列何者不属四期之列
初产妇第一产程活跃期延长是指活跃期超过
(2005年)曲面z=x2一y2在点处的法线方程是()。
对铸铁的韧性、塑性影响最大的因素为石墨的( )。
根据《建设工程施工合同(示范文本)》GF一2017—0201,发包人的责任和义务有()。
老年期感知觉衰退的主要表现是()。
最新回复
(
0
)