首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Laughter The nature of laughter laughter is a【L31】________process — involves movement and sound it is controlled by our【
Laughter The nature of laughter laughter is a【L31】________process — involves movement and sound it is controlled by our【
admin
2022-03-30
57
问题
Laughter
The nature of laughter
laughter is a【L31】________process — involves movement and sound
it is controlled by our【L32】________
Reasons for laughter
only 10% of laughter is caused by jokes/funny stories
may have begun as sign of 【L33】________after a dangerous situation
nowadays, may help to develop【L34】________within a group
connected to【L35】________(e.g. use of humour by politicians or bosses)
may be related to male/female differences (e.g. women laugh more at male speakers)
may be used in a【L36】________way to keep someone out of a group
Benefits of laughter
safe method for the【L37】________of emotions such as anger and sadness
provides good aerobic exercise
leads to drop in levels of stress-related【L38】________
improves the【L39】________
can stop【L40】________and improve sleep
【L39】
Good afternoon, everybody... and in our second talk on social psychology, I want to look at the role of laughter in our lives — something that usually gets everyone smiling from the start.
So first of all, I’ll start by looking at the actual nature of laughter. Well, when someone laughs you’ve got movement of the muscles of the face and the chest, and you’ve got sound formed when the air’s forced out of the body as part of this process,
so we’re talking about a physical activity.
But obviously other things are involved as well and this is where it gets more complicated. Laughing isn’t something that you normally decide to do. So it’s not voluntary behaviour, like ordinary speech. Instead
it’s regulated by. our instincts
rather like the singing of a bird, or the roaring of a lion. And once you start to laugh, it can be quite hard to stop as that’s not always under your conscious control either.
But why do we laugh? Because we find something funny, most of us would say. But in fact, it appears that laughter has little to do with jokes or funny stories. Only about 10 per cent of laughter is caused by things like that. One suggestion is that human laughter may have originally started out as a shared response to
signal relief at the passing of danger.
And it’s true that even these days, laughter’s rarely an activity carried out by an individual on his or her own. In fact, people are 30 times more likely to laugh when they’re with other people than when they’re completely alone. Laughter still seems to be a kind of social signal. It occurs when people are in a group and they’re comfortable with one another. And it seems likely that laughter can result in
the creation of bonds
between the people in the group.
And it’s precisely because of this social aspect of laughter that people like public speakers and politicians often try to get their audience to laugh. It encourages their listeners to trust them and to connect with them. But this kind of thing — controlling the laughter of a group, indicates that
there’s a link between laughter and power,
and this is supported by several studies that indicate that bosses use humour more than their employees. And research has also shown that female listeners are likely to laugh much more if the speaker is male, so it appears that there are gender issues associated with how much we laugh.
I should also point out that laughter
can be used as a negative signal
as well as a positive one. I think we’ve all probably seen evidence of a group using laughter to exclude someone... to emphasise that they are not accepted. So it’s not always a positive type of behaviour, either. So what all this goes to show is that laughter is a very, very complex issue.
It does appear however that laughter has definite benefits. If we look first at the psychological aspects, we know that people often tend to store negative emotions, such as anger, sadness and fear, rather than expressing them, and it seems that laughter provides
a harmless way for the release of those emotions.
But there are also clear physical effects that have been monitored too. For example, laughter is good aerobic exercise — it speeds up heart rate and respiration, and raises blood pressure; one researcher suggests that 100 laughs a day is the equivalent of 10 minutes’ jogging.
Laughter also helps prevent the stress that so many people suffer from today, which results from the faster pace of life and all that goes with it. It does this
by reducing the levels of hormones in the blood which are caused by stress.
And, in addition, it is known to increase the levels of chemicals that protect the body from infection or pain and so it helps to
boost the immune system.
One interesting study showed that people who had had surgical operations asked for fewer painkillers if they’d been viewing comic films. In fact, research has even shown that the quality of dreams can be positively affected by laughter — a good laugh 10 minutes before going to sleep can
prevent you from having bad dreams and give a much more pleasant and restorative night’s sleep.
So there’s now little argument that finding things funny and enjoying a good laugh is extremely beneficial to us all. What we need to consider now are the ways in which laughter can be used as a treatment for people who...
选项
答案
immune system
解析
录音原文中表示笑能提升一种化学物质的水平(the levels of chemicals),而这种物质能防止身体感染(infection)或伤痛(pain),即笑能帮助改善人的免疫系统(the immune system)。录音中的boost是题目improve的同义替换。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Ng8O777K
本试题收录于:
雅思听力题库雅思(IELTS)分类
0
雅思听力
雅思(IELTS)
相关试题推荐
Questions15-21ReadingPassage2hasnineparagraphsA-I.Fromthelistofheadingsbelowchoosethemostsuitableheadingfor
Questions15-21ReadingPassage2hasnineparagraphsA-I.Fromthelistofheadingsbelowchoosethemostsuitableheadingfor
Labelthediagrambelow.ChooseONEORTWOWORDSfromtheReadingPassageforeachanswer.Writeyouranswersinboxes20-23
Completethesentencesbelowwithwordstakenfromthereadingpassage.UseNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.Writeyour
WhysomewomencrossthefinishlineaheadofmenRECRUITMENTThecourseistougherbutwomenarestayi
PartOneAAirpollutionisincreasinglybecomingthefocusofgovernmentandcitizenconcernaroundtheglobe.FromMexicoCity
Peoplewhochallengetheevidenceofclimatechangehavegenerally
BIRDMIGRATIONABirdshavemanyuniquedesignfeaturesthatenablethemtoperformsuchamazingfeatsofendurance.Theyareeq
Howdidthestudentgettheuniversityprospectus?(only)assessed
JennyandPaulagreetheyneeda___________________fortheproject.
随机试题
(英语类学生必做)Sleepisimportanttousbecauseithelpsrestoreorgansandtissuesinourbody.Buthowmuchsleepdoweactuall
A.小结节影,呈“树芽”分布B.水平裂呈反“S”征C.支气管呈“轨道征”D.CT示血管支气管影呈弧形向肿块中心卷入,称“彗星尾征”E.肺内及肺门高密度影,并见连接两者的管条状高密度影,呈“哑铃”状支气管扩张出现
临床术前准备的道德要求不包括()
下列哪种物质适用于高铁血红蛋白血症的解毒
除国务院另有规定者外,进口货物的进口关税和进口环节增值税可予以减免的,其进口环节消费税也同时予以减免。
2011年度中国公民赵某从我国境内取得以下所得:(1)每月取得退休工资2750元;(2)取得国债利息收入1100元;(3)将自己所有的一居室按市场价出租给留学生迈克,月租金5000元(4)为A上市公司提供咨询服务,取得咨询费8000元;(5)完成
古诗《社日》写道:“鹅湖山下稻粱肥,豚栅鸡栖半掩扉。桑柘影斜春社散,家家扶得醉人归。”立春后第五个戊日即社日,又称春社,它是我国古代劳动人民祭祀()的节日。
一项研究调查了学生类型(大学新生和老生)对于体育教学改革的态度,结果如表所示。那么,学生类型与对待体育教学改革的态度之间的相关系数(函系数)是
Isanation’sdestinysetbyitsfertilityrates?Japanhastheworld’soldest【C1】______,butJapaneselongevitycan’t【C2】______
下列关于查询设计视图“设计网格”各行作用的叙述中,错误的是()。
最新回复
(
0
)