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  3. A substance derived from the Madagascar periwinkle, which has proved useful in decreasing mortality among young leukemia patient

A substance derived from the Madagascar periwinkle, which has proved useful in decreasing mortality among young leukemia patient

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问题 A substance derived from the Madagascar periwinkle, which has proved useful in decreasing mortality among young leukemia patients, is cultivated in China as part of program to integrate traditional herbal medicine into a contemporary system of health care.
选项 A、A substance derived from the Madagascar periwinkle, which has proved useful in decreasing mortality among young leukemia patients
B、A derivative, which has proved useful in decreasing mortality among young leukemia patients, of the Madagascar periwinkle
C、A Madagascar periwinkle derivative, which has proved useful in decreasing mortality among young leukemia patients
D、The Madagascar periwinkle has a derivative which has proved useful in decreasing mortality among young leukemia patients, that
E、The Madagascar periwinkle, a derivative of which has proved useful in decreasing mortality among young leukemia patients
答案E
解析 由于主句的谓语动词是is cultivated即“被栽种”，由此限定了主语必定是a Madagascarperiwinkle，因为它是一种植物。而a derivative是不能作主语的，因为它是这种植物的衍生物或一种提炼物，不再是一种植物，不能与is cultivated搭配。而A中主语a substance，B中的主语derivative及C中主语的核心词derivative均为同一物，即这些植物的衍生物，作主语是不妥的，排除A、B、C。D中，由于that之前有逗号，就会产生两个疑问：(1)that的先行词是哪一个；(2)该表达违反了“that不能作非限定性从句的引导词”的原则。E正确。在本题中，如果大家不知道the Madagascar periwinkle的含义，可根据常识和derivative，is cultivated及herbalmedicine这三词的词义也应能大致推断出a derivative作主语是错的，而应是另一个名词。
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