首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Calories and Human Health Dieting, according to an old joke, may not actually make you live longer, but it sure feels that w
Calories and Human Health Dieting, according to an old joke, may not actually make you live longer, but it sure feels that w
admin
2013-07-08
34
问题
Calories and Human Health
Dieting, according to an old joke, may not actually make you live longer, but it sure feels that way. Nevertheless, evidence has been accumulating since the 1930s that calorie restriction—reducing an animal’s energy intake below its energy expenditure—extends lifespan and delays the onset of age-related diseases in rats, dogs, fish and monkeys. Such results have inspired thousands of people to put up with constant hunger in the hope of living longer, healthier lives. They have also led to a search for drugs that mimic the effects of calorie restriction without the pain of going on an actual diet.
Amid the hype(intensive publicity), it is easy to forget that no one has until now shown that calorie restriction works in humans. That omission, however, changed this month, with the publication of the initial results of the first systematic investigation into the matter.
This study, known as CALERIE (Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy), was sponsored by America’s National Institutes of Health. It took 48 men and women aged between 25 and 50 and assigned them randomly to either a control group or a calorie-restriction regime. Those in the second group were required to cut their calorie intake for six months to 75% of that needed to maintain their weight.
The CALERIE study is a landmark in the history of the field, because its subjects were either of normal weight or only slightly overweight. Previous projects have used individuals who were clinically obese, thus confusing the unquestionable benefits to health of reducing obesity with the possible advantages of calorie restriction to the otherwise healthy.
At a molecular level, CALERIE suggests these advantages are real. For example, those on restricted diets had lower insulin resistance and lower levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. They showed drops in body temperature and blood-insulin levels—both phenomena that have been seen in long-lived, calorie-restricted animals. They also suffered less oxidative damage to their DNA.
Eric Ravussin, of Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, who is one of the study’s authors, says that such results provide support for the theory that calorie restriction produces a metabolic adaptation over and above that which would be expected from weight loss alone. Nevertheless, such metabolic adaptation could be the reason why calorie restriction is associated with longer lifespans in other animals—and that is certainly the hope of those who, for the past 15 years, have been searching for ways of triggering that metabolic adaptation by means other than semi-starvation.
The evidence since the 1930s has inspired people to______.
选项
A、live longer and healthier
B、invent a calorie-restricting drug
C、believe in calorie restriction
D、get rid of constant hunger
答案
C
解析
推理判断题。根据1930s定位文章第一段,其中提到人们忍受饥饿,以期换得长寿和健康。而人们挨饿的目的正是为了减少卡路里摄入量,因此选[C]。[A]项是人们期望达成的目标;[B]项属于强干扰项,但细看可发现其不符合文意,将search混淆为invent;[D]项的get rid of与put up with意思相悖。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/NsO4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
LastNovember,engineersinthehealthcaredivisionofGEunveiledsomethingcalledthe"Light-SpeedVCT",ascannerthatcancr
TryingtogetAmericanstoeatahealthydietisafrustratingbusinesscanbeeasilyprovedbythefactthatItcanbeinferre
TryingtogetAmericanstoeatahealthydietisafrustratingbusinesscanbeeasilyprovedbythefactthatThephrase"caved
WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothetext?Whoiswellawareoftheconsequencesofthedoctors’sleepproblema
Thesecondparagraphismeanttodemonstratethat______.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtotheauthor?
(46)AtatimewhenWallStreetfirmsarebeingpunishedformisleadinginvestorsaboutdot-comstocksduringthebubble,it’sal
-Howdidyouplayinthematch?-Well,ourteamwasaheadby2tozeroduringthefirsthalf,butwe______inthelasttenminu
ItisincongruousthatthenumberofBritishinstitutionsofferingMBAcoursesshouldhavegrownby254percentduringaperiod
ItisincongruousthatthenumberofBritishinstitutionsofferingMBAcoursesshouldhavegrownby254percentduringaperiod
随机试题
营运能力分析中,关注优化资源配置,加速资金周转的主体是
中国药典中葡萄糖的含量测定方法为
根据《处方管理办法》,关于处方书写要求的说法,正确的是
企业对经营多少个产品项目所作出的决策,是属于产品组合的()。
由于消费者收入或消费者偏好等因素的变化引起需求曲线的移动,称为()。
管理开发的基本手段包括()。
求过点A(1,一2)的所有直线被圆x2+y2=5截得线段中点的轨迹方程。
函数f(x)存在函数的充要条件是________.
“三个代表”重要思想是马克思主义中国化的最新理论成果,它与马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论是一脉相承的统一的科学理论。这种一脉相承具体表现在()。
据悉,一只成熟的母鼠大约20天左右即繁殖一次,一胎少的可生六七只,多则十来只小老鼠。而一只小老鼠出生1.5~2.5个月就可达到性成熟,具备繁殖能力。有趣的是,科学家们发现,老鼠具有“计划生育”的功能。当一个地区老鼠的总量较多时,老鼠会减缓其繁殖频率,而在老
最新回复
(
0
)