2. 外语
  3. The most distinguished of living Englishmen, who, great as he is in many directions, is perhaps inherently more a man of letters

The most distinguished of living Englishmen, who, great as he is in many directions, is perhaps inherently more a man of letters

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问题    The most distinguished of living Englishmen, who, great as he is in many directions, is perhaps inherently more a man of letters than anything else, has been overheard mournfully to declare that there were more booksellers, shops in his native town sixty years ago, when he was a boy in it, than are today to be found within its boundaries. And yet the place "all unabashed" now boasts its bookless self a city!
   Mr. Gladstone was, of course, referring to second-hand bookshops. Neither he nor any other sensible man puts himself out about new books. When a new book is published, read an old one, was the advice of a sound though surly critic. It is one of the boasts of letters to have glorified the term "second-hand", which other crafts have "soiled to all ignoble use". But why it has been able to do this is obvious. All the best books are necessarily second-hand. The writers of today need not grumble. If their books are worth anything, they, too, one day will be second-hand. If their books are not worth anything there are ancient trades still in full operation among us-the pastrycooks and the trunk-makers---who must have paper.
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答案 在世的英国人中最有名望的一位，尽管他在许多方面都十分伟大，他的天赋也许更多地表现于他是一位文人，有人无意间听说，他很忧伤地宣告，六十年前他的故乡有不少书店，那时他是幼童，现在今不如昔了，方圆之内找不到几家书店。可是如今这地方竟“恬不知耻”地吹嘘不见书本的本埠是一座城市! 这位格莱斯顿先生当然指的是旧书店。不论他还是任何明智的人，都不会把心思放在新书上。一本新书出版之际，先读旧书，这是一位头脑好而脾气坏的批评家的忠告。溢美“二手货”乃是文人的一个吹嘘之词，而在其他行业它“滥用一气名声扫地”。但是其所以然则彰明较著。一切上乘之作必然是“二手货”。当今的作家不必叽里咕噜。如果他们的书真有什么价值的话，有朝一日也会变成“二手货”。如果他们的书毫无价值的话，也还有些古老的行业盛行于我们中间——如糕点师和箱子工——他们总要用纸张。
解析    1．The most distinguished of living Englishmen，who，great as he is in many directions， is perhaps inherently more a man of 1etters than anything else，has been overheard mournfully to declare that there were more booksellers，shops in his native town sixty years ago，when he was a boy in it，than are today to be found within
   its boundaries．
   这是一个长句。分析英语长句先找出句中主句的SV(O)结构，然后根据衔接手段建立修饰语之间的关系和指代关系。本句主句SV为The most distinguished of living Englishmen has been overheard。who的先行词为The most dstinguished of living Englishmen。that there were more booksellers，shops in his native town sixty years ago，when he was a boy in than are today to be found with its boundaries．为that引导的名词性从句。his和he指The most distinguished of living Englishmen。it和its指his native town。两个比较关系。More…than是结构衔接手段。
   2．puts himself out about new books．
   putout:困扰，使不安，使不便；激怒。比如：He is never put out by unexpected questions．(他从不被意外的问题所窘住。)be easily put out by trifles(常因小事感到不安)。译文；把心思放在新书上。
   3．It is one of the boasts of letters to have glorified the term "second-hand"，which other crafts have "soiled to all ignoble use"．
   which在本句中是个关键的关系代词，它的先行词是the term “second-hand”，在从句中作soiled的宾语。译文：滥美“二手货”乃是文人的一个吹嘘之词，而在其他行业它“滥用一气名声扫地”。
   4．A11 the best books are necessarily second-hand．．．if their books are worth anything，they，too，one day will be  second-hand．
   以上两句为Paradox(似非而可能是的隽语)。英语论说中爱用Paradox。Paradox似非而是，充满哲理，发人深省。比如；More haste，1ess speed．(欲速则不达)。译文要体现Paradox,一切上乘之作必然是“二手货”。……如果他们的书真有什么价值的话，有朝一日也会变成“二手货”。
   5.If their books are not worth anything  there are ancient trades still in full operation among us-the pastrycooks and the trunk-makers-who must have paper．
   本句为Irony(讽刺)。译文要体现Irony：如果他们的书毫无价值的话，也还有些古老的行业盛行于我们中间—一如糕点师和箱子工--—他们总要用纸。
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