首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The Difference Between Spoken and Written English I. The definition of speech and writing two【T1】______methods of communication
The Difference Between Spoken and Written English I. The definition of speech and writing two【T1】______methods of communication
admin
2018-05-11
52
问题
The Difference Between Spoken and Written English
I. The definition of speech and writing
two【T1】______methods of communication【T1】______
—speech: the【T2】______of transmission of language【T2】______
—writing: marking a surface with words
II. The necessity of knowing the differences
—the learner aspires to grip and command the language
—acquire language skills【T3】______and completely【T3】______
III. Differences between spoken and written English
A. Physical difference
—【T4】______substance: the medium used in speech【T4】______
—graphic substance: the hand creating marks on a surface
—differences in the use of【T5】______【T5】______
B. The degree of formality: spoken English is less formal
-no【T6】______【T6】______
—no role of spelling
—speakers【T7】______the basic rules of grammar【T7】______
—speakers make efforts to learn correct【T8】______【T8】______
C. Features of speech:【T9】______, active and not last long【T9】______
—no time lag between production and reception
—no time for【T10】______【T10】______
—it contains loudness, tempo, rhythm, intonations and pauses
—aided by【T11】______and gestures【T11】______
D. Difficulty in learning: written English is easier
—do not come with an accent
—take better advantage of【T12】______than of accent【T12】______
—reasonably simple to master
IV. Tips for language learners
—pay heed to both forms【T13】______【T13】______
—【T14】______the language【T14】______
—【T15】______all the important aspects【T15】______
【T9】
The Difference Between Spoken and Written English
Good morning everyone, today’s lecture is about the difference between spoken and written English.(1)Speech and writing are two independent methods of communication.(2)Speech is "the oral medium of transmission of language, i. e. the spoken language". Writing involves marking a surface with words that convey one’s thoughts and ideas and as Crystal remarks "written English has provided the standard that society values, and its relative permanence and worldwide circulation have given it a very special place with the life of the community. "
Every language learner aspires to have a good grip and command over both spoken and written language.(3)Failure in expressing either of them will render him ineffective and incomplete when it comes to acquiring language skills in true sense of word. Both forms of language, therefore, are very important. They differ from each other to a great extent. The following are some of the major differences in both spoken and written language.
(4)One difference that exists between speech and writing is the distinction between the phonic and the graphic substances. The former is the medium used in speech, where the vocal organs produce air-pressure movements. The latter is used in writing, which consists of the hand creating marks on a surface. However, this physical difference is not the only factor that distinguishes the two mediums.(5)There are also differences such as the use of grammar and vocabulary which also differ according to whether the person is speaking or writing to convey information.
On top of the above, spoken English is very informal while written English is formal.(6)No punctuation is needed in spoken English because we are aided by facial expressions, gestures, body language to express our meaning effectively and properly. On the other hand, written English is ineffective and handicapped without proper use of punctuation. Many speakers are bold and confident at the time of speaking. But most of them find themselves lacking in confidence and reluctant to write because they know that once they write, their words are recorded and they cannot defend themselves. Their mistakes are exposed in writing. In spoken English, there is no role of spelling. But spelling does play a very important role in writing. Many good speakers are found being a horrible speller of the word. Their spelling lowers their image and impression among their colleagues and their readers.(7)Speakers often ignore some of the basic rules of grammar, for they are only interested in conveying their messages. They do not stick to the rules of grammar. On the other hand, writing is never accurate and impressive unless it is grammatically correct and error-free. Therefore, all the great and successful writers give grammar its due importance in their writings. Spelling is what creates problems for many writers, and in the same way pronunciation is a problem for many speakers. Many speakers find it difficult to pronounce the words correctly.(8)They have to make efforts to learn correct pronunciation while writers have no such worries.
(9)Speech is time-based, active and does not last long.(10)There is no time lag between production and reception and given the spontaneity and speed with which speech is produced there is no time for planning. We usually think while talking and this results in looser construction, repetition, rephrasing and comment clauses such as "Jack is ugly, I think". Nevertheless, speech also contains loudness, tempo, rhythm, and other intonations and pauses that cannot be easily transmuted to the written form.(11)Facial expressions and gestures often aid meaning as well as deictic expressions which refer directly to the situation. These features can all be contained in speech but are not written down with much effectiveness.
Hearing and understanding spoken English can be more difficult than understanding written English for another very simple reason: written English usually does not come with an accent. Accent is different to dialect, although they often go together.(12)English in the written form can take better advantage of dialect than of accent. Where an accent will be the sound a speaker makes when using a specific set of words relating to the locality they were raised, but the words remain the same, a dialect is a pattern of language use that may substitute new words or meanings to existing words.
Actually, written English is reasonably simple to master, especially if you are only going to use it in the written: form. Spoken English is much harder to learn and use effectively.
(13)With so much difference between these two forms of English, it is prime duty of every one aspiring to become a good language learner to pay heed to both forms equally to have a good command over English. If one is able to do so, he is sure to win admiration and appreciation from his readers and listeners to the great extent.
(14)To conclude, a good language learner always respects the language he intends to learn.(15)Therefore, he takes keen interest in acquiring this language, not leaving any important aspect untouched and uncovered. Such a learner is always successful.
OK, today, we have discussed the differences between spoken English and written English. To sum up, spoken English and written English differ in the aspect of medium as well as whether it is informal or formal, time-based or not, simple or hard to learn and so on. Next time, we’ll continue to talk about it further.
选项
答案
time-based
解析
本题考查重要细节。根据句(9)可知,口语以时间为基础,非常活跃且持续时间短,故答案为time-based。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/OUoK777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
(1)HostilitytoGypsieshasexistedalmostfromthetimetheyfirstappearedinEuropeinthe14thcentury.TheoriginsoftheG
A、Keeptheirpaycheckandbenefits.B、Dosomesoulsearching.C、Askforadvicefromtheirfriends.D、Changethejobimmediately.
CulturalDifferencesbetweenEastandWestI.FactorsleadingtotheculturaldifferencesA.Differentculture【T1】______【T1】___
A、Becauseoldpeopleknowwhentheyshouldgotothehospital.B、Becauseoldpeoplearehealthyfromtheirchildhoodtomiddlea
ThePressConferenceI.AdvantagesofthePressConference—theeventitselfhaving【T1】______【T1】______—thepreviously-made
ThingstobeTaughtinEverySchoolI.Introduction:Importanceofstudents’abilitytodealwiththerealworld.A.Speaker’so
FiveTypesofBooksI.IntroductionA.Readingforinformation,hopingto—improveourmindswiththeinformationacquired—g
FiveTypesofBooksI.IntroductionA.Readingforinformation,hopingto—improveourmindswiththeinformationacquired—g
A、Halfaday.B、Oneday.C、Threedays.D、Fourdays.B男士说可以花一天时间让大家沉浸在水上运动中,女士说不介意。因此选B项。
Theywouldknowthatinverycoldconditionswaterbecomesasolidcallediceandthatwhenheatingonafireitbecomesavapor
随机试题
此病变部位应考虑在为明确病因,辅助检查首选
药物和生物大分子作用时,不可逆的结合形式是
糖皮质激素治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜的机制是
患者,男,51岁。从高处跌下,头部着地。当时昏迷约10分钟后清醒,左外耳道流出血性液,被家属送来急诊。护士首先应采取的措施是
根据我国刑法的规定,下列关于假释的说法,不正确的是:()。
甲乙丙三国均为世界贸易组织的成员方。甲国为提高本国钢材在国内市场的占有率,对来自乙国的钢材征收高额附加税,但此项决定并未公布,并且不适用于从丙国进的同类钢材。乙国认为其依据《1994年关税与摩擦总协定》应当获得的利益受损。关于甲的做法,下列选项正确的是
根据国际费雪效应()
杨朔的散文被称为()散文。
一些人乘坐客车出游,要求每辆客车所坐的人数相等,原来每辆客车乘坐22人,结果剩下1人未上车;如果有一辆客车空着走,那么所有人正好能平均分到其他各车上。已知每辆客车最多只能乘坐32人,那么,原来有()辆车,()人。
You’vebeenworkingoutregularlyforquiteawhile,butyou’renowherenearyourfitnessgoals.Sonowit’stimetobringin
最新回复
(
0
)