The science of astronomy was begun by amateurs and today remains dependent on their contributions, which are incisive by virtue

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问题 The science of astronomy was begun by amateurs and today remains dependent on their contributions, which are incisive by virtue of being________by a prior assumptions that often vitiate the work of professional research scientists.

选项 A、characterized
B、unencumbered
C、supported
D、contradicted
E、inspired

答案B

解析 同义重复题。逻辑连接词是by virtue of,表示“由于”。第一句话完整,说天文学始于并依赖amateurs。逗号后面的which从句修饰their contributions,继续表述其好的方面(incisive),by virtue of进一步说明好的原因,是因为被先前的假设________,而这种假设vitiate(损害)专业工作。注意句子中的prior assumptions的意思是made before or without examination;not supported by factual study,即“未经检验的先验假设”,这种假设会影响专业工作,显然这种假设不好,所以如果要表达amateurs的好,空格需要表示“没有被这种假设影响”的含义,A、C、E都是正向显然不对,D也不符合句意,B项unencumbered(未受阻碍的)正确。
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