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  3. A researcher discovered that people who have low levels of immune-system activity tend to score much lower on tests of mental he

A researcher discovered that people who have low levels of immune-system activity tend to score much lower on tests of mental he

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问题 A researcher discovered that people who have low levels of immune-system activity tend to score much lower on tests of mental health than do people with normal or high immune-system activity. The researcher concluded from this experiment that the immune system protects against mental illness as well as against physical disease. The researcher’ s conclusion would be most seriously weakened if it were true that
选项 A、there was a one-year delay between the completion of a pilot study for the experiment and the initiation of the experiment itself.
B、people’s levels of immune-system activity are not affected by their use of medications.
C、a few people with high immune-system activity had scores on the test of mental health that were similar to the scores of people who had normal immune-system activity.
D、people who have low immune-system activity tend to contract more viral infections than do people with normal or high immune-system activity.
E、high levels of stress first cause mental illness and then cause decreased immune-system activity in normal individuals.
答案E
解析 本题为反对题型。段落推理为：该研究人员从免疫系统活性水平低与心理健康的低分数的联系中得出结论，免疫系统活性实际上可以抑制心理疾病。很明显，在我们只知道免疫系统活性水平低与心理健康测试得分低这两类事情存在，并不知道是前者导致后者，还是后者导致前者，就得出结论说免疫系统活性实际上可以抑制心理疾病时，就可能会犯错误。如果高度压力导致心理疾病进而导致免疫系统活性降低，正如(E)所说，则会把上段落推理因果倒置，因此，削弱了上面研究人员的结论。所以(E)正确。(A)中的“间隔时间”与上述结论无关；(B)对上面推理也起不到作用；(C)说的是共同点，因此不可能削弱上面结论；(D)与“心理健康测试”无关。
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