首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Tea in Britain Tea, that most essential English drinks, is a relative late comer to British shores. Although the custom of d
Tea in Britain Tea, that most essential English drinks, is a relative late comer to British shores. Although the custom of d
admin
2010-05-26
79
问题
Tea in Britain
Tea, that most essential English drinks, is a relative late comer to British shores. Although the custom of drinking tea dates back to the third millennium (千年) BC in China, it was not until the mid 17th century that the beverage(饮料) first appeared in England. The use of tea spread slowly from its Asian homeland, reaching Europe by way of Venice around 1560, although Portuguese trading ships may have made contact with the Chinese as early as 1515. It was the Portuguese and Dutch traders who first imported tea to Europe, with regular shipments by 1610. England was a latecomer to the tea trade, as the East India Company did not invest on tea’s popularity until the inid-18th century.
Coffee Houses
Curiously, it was the London coffee houses that were responsible for introducing tea to England. One of the first coffee house merchants to offer tea was Thomas Garway, who owned an establishment in Exchange Alley. He sold both liquid and dry tea to the public as early as 1657. Three years later he issued a broadsheet advertising tea at 6 and 10 per pound, flattering its virtues at "making the body active and energetic", and "preserving perfect health until extreme old age".
Tea gained popularity quickly in the coffee houses, and by 1700 over 500 coffee houses sold it. Ibis distressed the pub owners, as tea cut their sales of wine, and it was bad news for the government, who depended upon a steady stream of revenue from taxes on liquor sales. By 1750 tea had become the favoured drink of Britain’s lower classes.
Taxation on Tea
Charles U did his bit to counter the growth of tea, with several acts(法案)forbidding its sale in private houses. This measure was designed to counter sedition(混乱), but it was so unpopular that it was impossible to enforce. A 1676 act taxed tea required coffee house operators to apply for a license. This was just the start of government attempts to control, or at least, to profit from the popularity of tea in Britain. By the mid 18th century the duty on tea had reached 119%. This heavy taxation had the effect of creating a whole new industry tea smuggling.
Smuggling Tea
Ships from Holland and Scandinavia brought tea to the British coast, then stood offshore while smugglers met them and unloaded the precious cargo in small vessels. The smugglers, often local fishermen, transported the tea inland through underground passages and hidden paths to special hiding places. One of the best hiding places was in the local parish(教区) church! Even smuggled tea was expensive, however, and therefore extremely profitable, so many smugglers began to mix the tea with other substances, such as the leaves of some trees. Used tea leaves were also redried and added to fresh leaves.
Finally, in 1784 William Pitt the Younger introduced the Commutation Act, which dropped the tax on tea from’! 19% to 12.5%, effectively ending smuggling. Bad quality tea remained a problem, though, until the Food and Drag Act of 1875 brought in strict punishment for the practice.
Tea Clippers (快速帆船)
In the early 1800’s ships carrying tea from the Far East to Britain could take over a year to bring home their precious cargo. When the East India Company was given a monopoly(垄断) on the tea trade in 1832, they realized the need to cut the time of this journey. The Americans actually designed the first "clippers", or streamlined, tall-masted vessels, but the British were close behind. These clippers sped along at nearly 18 knots by contemporary accounts—nearly as fast as a modem ocean liner.
So great was the race for speed that an annual competition was begun for dippers to race from the Canton River to the London Docks. The first ship to unload its cargo won the captain and crew a good bonus.
The most famous of the clipper ships was the Cutty Sark, built in 1868. It only made the tea run eight times, but for its era it was a remarkable ship. The Cutty Sark is now on exhibition at Greenwich.
Tea Customs
Afternoon tea is said to have originated with one person, Anna, 7th Duchess of Bedford. In the early 1800’ s she launched the idea of having tea in the late afternoon to bridge the gap between luncheon and dinner, which in fashionable circles might not be served until 8 o’clock at night. This fashionable custom soon evolved into high tea among the working classes, where this late afternoon food became the main meal of the day.
Tea Gardens
The popular pleasure gardens of Ranelngh and Vauxhall in London began serving tea around1730. An evening of dancing and watching fireworks would be capped by tea. The concept caught on, and soon Tea Gardens opened all over Britain. Usually the gardens were opened on Saturday and Sunday, and an afternoon of entertainment and dancing would be highlighted by serving tea.
Tea Shops
That British establishment, can be traced to one person. In 1864 the woman manager of the Aerated Bread Company began the custom of serving food and drink to her customers. Her best customers were favoured with tea. Soon everyone was asking for the same treatment. The concept of tea shops spread throughout Britain like wildfire, not in the least because tea shops provided a place where a girl could meet her friends and socialize without damage to her reputation.
Tea and Pottery(陶器)
What connection, you might be excused for asking, does tea have with the growth of the British pottery industry? Simply this: Tea in China was traditionally drunk from cups without handles. When tea became popular in. Britain, there was a crying need for good cups with handles, to suit British habits. This made for tremendous growth in the pottery and porcelain(瓷器) industry, and the prosperity of such companies as Wedgwood, Spode, and Royal Doulton.
By 1750 Britain’ s lower classes enjoyed drinking tea very much but higher classes never touched it.
选项
A、Y
B、N
C、NG
答案
C
解析
根据题干“by 1750”这个短语查读第一小标题内容,文中只提到茶成为低层阶级的受欢迎饮品,并没提到高层贵族从不喝茶。所以本题陈述在文中没有给出。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/OmV7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
Ihadtoruntokeepupwithhim。此题主要考查结果状语从句的用法。
A、Theydecidetogoouttoeat.B、Theyeatsomethingdifferentathome.C、Theyeatatafriend’shouse.D、Theytrytocookpizza
CharlesSchulzandthePopularComicStrip"Peanuts"Millionsofpeoplearoundtheworldwholovedthecomicstrip"Peanuts"
Astheplanecircledovertheairport,everyonesensedthatsomethingwaswrong.Theplanewasmovingunsteadilythroughtheair
Children’smuseumsinAmericaaredeliveringareportcardtobeenvied.Since1990,estimatedI00youthmuseumshaveopened
Itwas____________(直到我家)thatIrealizedthatIhadleftmycamerainthetrain.
WhenfamiliesgatherforChristmasdinner,somewillsticktoformaltraditionsdatingbacktoGrandma’sgeneration.Theirtable
Somepeoplebelievethatinternationalsportcreatesgoodwillbetweenthenationsandthatifcountriesplaygamestogetherthey
Mostparents,Isuppose,havehadtheexperienceofreadingabedtimestorytotheirchildren.Andtheymusthave【C1】______how
随机试题
按照资源税有关规定,独立矿山收购未税矿产品适用()。
对进入新药临床试验的药物及病例选择应具备的条件,不正确的是
一名14岁的男孩,因意识不清4小时被母亲送到急诊室,母亲告诉医生,孩子近半年多食易饥,消瘦,曾到医院就诊。化验血糖增高,尿糖阳性。体检病孩消瘦,中度昏迷入院后母亲告诉医生,孩子最近因感冒咽痛、发热,1日前肌注青霉素,并口服阿司匹林。昏迷原因最大可能是
发生可能对上市公司股票交易价格产生较大影响而投资者尚未得知的重要事件时,上市公司公告应说明事件的实质。下列所述各项,不属于上述所称的重要事件的是。()
封闭式基金与开放式基金的区别不包括()。
以下关于现值和终值的说法,错误的是()。
企业因()举行的信息发布会,其主题属于说明性主题。
()是以工作岗位为对象,采用科学的调查方法,收集各种与岗位相关的信息和资料的过程。
用Word97对文档进行分栏设置,最多能分的栏数是()。A.3栏B.5栏C.11栏D.2栏
______thattheenvironmentcontinuestobedamagedatthecurrentrate,itwillnotbelongbeforetheearthistotallydestroy
最新回复
(
0
)