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  3. 　　Everyone knows that the average human body temperature is 37°C—but everyone is wrong. It turns out that the bodies of people i

　　Everyone knows that the average human body temperature is 37°C—but everyone is wrong. It turns out that the bodies of people i

admin2021-12-24  31
问题 　　Everyone knows that the average human body temperature is 37°C—but everyone is wrong. It turns out that the bodies of people in the US have been cooling since the 1860s.
　　Physicians studying body temperature have known for decades that 37°C was too high, says Julie Parsonnet at Stanford University in California, "But they’ve always thought that it was just measurement error in the past, not because temperature had actually dropped."
　　To find out what really happened, Parsonnet and her team combined three data sets. The first set covered nearly 24,000 UnionArmyveterans (老兵) from the American Civil War, whose temperatures were measured between 1860 and 1940. The other two ranged from 1971 to 1975 and from 2007 to 2017. In total, the team analyzed more than 677,000 temperature measurements.
　　On average, US body temperature has declined by 0. 03°C per decade. Body temperatures of men born in the early 19th century were 0.59°C higher than those of men today. Women’s average temperature has dropped by 0.32°C compared with that of women born in the 1890s. That means average body temperature today is about 36.6°C , not 37 C as it is widely thought.
　　The change isn’t simply the result of older thermometers(温度计)being unreliable. We know this because the cooling trend is visible within the more modern data sets, in which the thermometers were probably more accurate.
　　"The most likely explanation in my view is that, microbiologically, we’re very different people than we were," says Parsonnet. People have fewer infections, thanks to vaccines and antibiotics, so our immune systems are less active and our body tissues less inflamed(发炎).
According to Parsonnet and her team’s research, which of the following is NOT true?
选项 A、Body temperatures of men born in the early 19th century were 0.59°C higher than those men of today.
B、Women’s average temperature has fallen by 0.32°C compared with that of women born in the 1890s.
C、US body temperature has declined by 0.03°C for decades on average.
D、The average body temperature today is lower than 37°C.
答案C
解析 本题考查细节。根据题干中的人民“Parsonne”可以找到与题干相关的内容在第三段，但第三段主要讲了实验过程，如想得知结果则需往下，在第四段中“Body temperatures of men born in the early 19th century were 0．59℃ higher than those of men today．”(19世纪早期的男性体温比今天的男性体温高0．59℃)与选项A相吻合。 “Women’s average temperature has dropped by 0．32℃ compared with that of women born in the 1890s”．(当今女性的平均体温比19世纪90年代的女性体温下降了0．32℃。)与选项B相吻合。“That means average body temperature today is about 36．6℃，not 37℃ as widely thought”．(这意味着今天人们的平均体温大约是36．6℃，而不是人们广泛认为的37℃。)与选项D相吻合。选项C“US body temperature has declined by 0．03℃ for decades on average．(美国人的平均体温下降0．03℃已经数十年)”与原文“On average，American body temperature has declined by 0．03℃per decade．(美国人的体温平均每十年下降0．03℃)”不相符，所以选C。注意：这类细节题，通常是一字之差，考生需要仔细阅读选项。
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