首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Think of all the criminals who have killed, all the soldiers who have killed; consider the mass murder of Jews in Nazi Germany.
Think of all the criminals who have killed, all the soldiers who have killed; consider the mass murder of Jews in Nazi Germany.
admin
2011-03-26
100
问题
Think of all the criminals who have killed, all the soldiers who have killed; consider the mass murder of Jews in Nazi Germany. Is there something inside human beings that allows us to take part in this sort of violence, or were these people swept along by the situation?
Stanley Milgram, a New York psychologist, designed an experiment to find answers to this question, paying adult males four and a half dollars to act the role of "teacher" in a complicated experiment. The "teachers" were to ask questions of a "learner", a middle-aged man in another room. If the learner gave an incorrect answer, the teacher was instructed to turn a knob to send an electric current to the learner’s chair. There were thirty positions on the control knob, with the shocks ranging from 15 to 450 volts, the last position marked "Danger: Severe Shock". The teachers were told to increase the severity of the shock with each incorrect response.
With the first few shocks, the learner could be heard over the intercom, grunting and moaning. When the dial reached 150, he demanded that the experiment be ended; shortly afterwards, at 180 volts, he began to complain of the pain. At 300 volts, he complained about his heart condition, screamed, and no longer responded to the questions; but the teachers who complanined about their roles in the experiment were told the experiment had to continue. According to the rules, the learner’s failure to respond was an "error", so he must be shocked.
A group of psychiatrists was asked for predictions. Certainly, they said, most people would not punish the victim beyond 150 volts. Furthermore, they predicted fewer than four percent would persist up to 300 volts; only abnormal individuals--less than one tenth of a percent--would proceed to 450 volts.
And, in fact, nearly every "teacher" did protest--each became concerned that he might injure the learner, and many said they could not continue to follow instructions. At 180 volts, one "teacher" said, "He’s hollering. He can’t stand it; what if anything happens to him? I mean who is going to take responsibility if anything happens to that gentleman?"
When the experimenter said he would accept responsibility, the teacher meekly responded, "All right."
Some teachers, alarmed by the silence in the next room, called out to the learner to answer so they wouldn’t have to continue shocking him. In fact, most of the teachers protested, but the important thing is that they did not disobey their instruction. Sixty-two percent of all the subjects delivered shocks all the way up to 450 volts--the average highest shock was 370 volts.
Of course, the learner was not being shocked. Even his screams were tape-recorded. But this experiment and similar variations of it have been repeated several times, and the results are invariably the same: in the presence of authority, in a situation governed by rules. Personality tests given to the subjects who delivered the shocks of 450 volts show that they are not abnormal or sick in any way. They’re exactly like the rest of us.
From the results of the Milgram experiment, we can infer that ______.
选项
A、violent or sadistic actions may not really be "abnormal" human behavior
B、adult males are more violent than adult females
C、psychiatrists are fairly accurate in their predictions about human behavior
D、only the abnormal individuals in the study delivered shocks all the way up to 450 volts
答案
A
解析
根据米尔格拉姆实验结果,我们可以断言,暴力行为或施虐狂的行为也许并不是“反常的”行为。根据最后一段的最后一句话可以推测出答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/P0BO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Addanycommentstoourproposalinpencil—thesewillthenbediscussedatthenextcommitteemeeting.Themeetingwillconsider
Therewasasteadyriseinsalesin1990,whilein2000salesdecreasedconsiderablyduringthefirsthalfoftheperiodbefore
DescribetheTypeofBusinessVentureWhentalksaboutentitybusinessplan,thefirstthingcomingintoconsiderationisto
DescribetheTypeofBusinessVentureWhentalksaboutentitybusinessplan,thefirstthingcomingintoconsiderationisto
DescribetheTypeofBusinessVentureWhentalksaboutentitybusinessplan,thefirstthingcomingintoconsiderationisto
DescribetheTypeofBusinessVentureWhentalksaboutentitybusinessplan,thefirstthingcomingintoconsiderationisto
Whetheryouwantaccesstoalltheday’snewsfast,breakinganalysisoftheevents,aconsideredviewoftrends,expertcomment
Interlecmanagers’lossofconfidenceintheirCEOresultsinseveraldirectors’resignations-boardconsidersCEO’sfuture.CL
随机试题
如图所示的杆,同时受到P和2P作用,则杆的总变形为()。
下列符合阴阳对立制约关系的是
下面描述中,不属于对相关临界区的管理要求的是
糖尿病常见的慢性并发症有哪些?
A、孕6周B、孕9周C、孕12周D、孕20周E、孕29周药物流产的最佳时间是()
A.肺动脉高压时可出现下半身青紫B.肺动脉瓣第2心音固定分裂C.易出现心律失常D.胸片显示肺血少,心影呈靴形E.可发生艾森曼格综合征房间隔缺损的表现为
口腔预防科在某学校人群中验证一种含氟牙膏的防龋效果,对于研究方案的几个问题经讨论后确定下来。实验周期预计3年,采用指数标准为
对于既有建筑物结构构件影响正常使用的变形所进行的评定,下列各项中,属于可靠度评定的是()。
明正德年间,苏州拙政园由明代御史()弃官回乡后拓建而成。
学与教相互作用的过程是个系统过程,该系统包含的要素有()
最新回复
(
0
)