郑和是明朝伟大的航海家(navigator),他完成了人类历史上伟大的壮举。1405年7月,他率领庞大的船队进行了首次远航(voyage),船队由240多艘船只、27400名船员组成。他们访问了30多个位于西太平洋和印度洋的国家和地区。他一共进行了7次远航

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问题     郑和是明朝伟大的航海家(navigator),他完成了人类历史上伟大的壮举。1405年7月,他率领庞大的船队进行了首次远航(voyage),船队由240多艘船只、27400名船员组成。他们访问了30多个位于西太平洋和印度洋的国家和地区。他一共进行了7次远航,最远的目的地是非洲东海沿岸。他的远航表明当时的明朝在航海技术(navigation technology)、船队规模、航行距离等方面都领先于西方。郑和的远航对发展海外贸易、传播中华文明都起到了积极的作用,同时也加深了中国同东南亚和东非的友好关系。

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答案Zheng He, a great navigator in Ming Dynasty, achieved significant feats in the history of mankind. In July 1405, he conducted the first long voyage, commanding a large fleet composed of over 240 ships and 27,400 sailors. They visited more than 30 countries and districts in western Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean. Totally seven long voyages were made under his command, with the farthest destination on the east coast of Africa. His voyage indicated that Ming Dynasty was more advanced than the West in the field of navigation technology, fleet size and sailing distance, etc. The long voyage led by Zheng He promoted positively the development of overseas trade and the spread of Chinese civilization. Meanwhile, the friendly relation between China and the Southeast A-sia as well as East Africa was enhanced.

解析 1.第一句的主干结构为“郑和完成了壮举”。“是明朝伟大的航海家”译为主语“郑和”的同位语,放在主语之后。
2.第二句的主干结构可理解为“他进行了首次远航”。“率领庞大的船队”可以跟后面的短句“船队由……组成”糅合在一起,采用现在分词短语作状语的形式commanding a large fleet composed of….
3.第四句“他一共进行了7次远航……”有两个主语“他”和“目的地”。为了使译文通顺,前半句可采用被动语态seven long voyages were made;“最远的目的地是非洲东海沿岸”可采用“with+名词短语”来表达,作主句的补语,这样就不必拆译成两个句子。
4.最后一句较长,可拆译为两个句子,前一句的主干结构为“郑和的远航对……起到了积极的作用”。后一句“同时也加深了……”可以采用被动语态来表达,避免使用跟前一句同样的主语“郑和的远航”,从而使译文更加简洁。
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