首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
WHO, working closely with its Member States, other United Nations agencies and non-governmental organizations, is focusing on ma
WHO, working closely with its Member States, other United Nations agencies and non-governmental organizations, is focusing on ma
admin
2011-01-02
38
问题
WHO, working closely with its Member States, other United Nations agencies and non-governmental organizations, is focusing on major crippling forms of malnutrition: protein-energy malnutrition, iodine deficiency disorders, vitamin A deficiency, and iron deficiency anaemia.
In some regions, such as sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia, stagnation of nutritional improvement combined with a rapid rise in population has resulted in an actual increase in the total number of malnourished children. Currently, over two-thirds of the world’s malnourished children live in Asia, followed by Africa and Latin America.
Various types of micronutrient malnutrition are important causes of disability in themselves and often underlie other types of morbidity. Their prevalence is even more widespread than that of protein-energy malnutrition.
In sheer numbers, iron is the most prevalent micronutrient deficiency, with nearly 1,990 million people being anemic and 3,600 million iron-deficient. Iron deficiency is present when body iron stores are depleted.
Mainly women of reproductive age and children under five are affected by iron deficiency, with prevalences hovering around 50% in developing countries. Among various regions of the world, it is south Asia which is hit hardest with prevalences reaching 80% in some countries. In infants and young children even mild anaemia is associated with impaired intellectual as well as physical development. In older children and adults iron deficiency reduces work capacity and output. It also leads to increased absenteeism and accidents at work. During pregnancy, maternal anaemia aggravates the effects of hemorrhage at childbirth and is a major contributing factor to maternal mortality.
While there is no single remedy, a combination of several preventive approaches is believed to work best. Dietary improvement includes consumption of iron and vitamin C-rich foods and foods of animal origin, and avoiding drinking tea or coffee with or soon after meals. Iron fortification of foods, particularly of staple cereals, is practiced in a growing number of countries. Iron supplementation is the most common approach, particularly for pregnant women.
Another major problem is iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). Iodine deficiency remains the single greatest cause of preventable brain damage and mental retardation worldwide. WHO estimated in 1990 that 1,570 million people, or about 30% of the world’s population, were at risk of IDD.
Insufficient intakes of iodine in pregnancy and early childhood result in impaired mental development of young children. Even marginal deficiency may reduce a child’s mental development by as much as 10 IQ points.
The third major micronutrient deficiency is vitamin A deficiency which is officially recognized in 76 countries as a major public health problem. The number of children under five affected clinically is estimated at 2.8 million, with 258 million being diagnosed as having a biochemical deficiency. The highest prevalence and numbers are in Southeast Asia.
Depletion occurs when the diet contains too little vitamin A to replace the amount used by tissues. The consequences include night blindness and the destruction of the cornea, Vitamin A deficiency is the most common cause of blindness in young children. Where clinical vitamin A deficiency is a public health problem, young child mortality rates are raised by 20% to 30%.
There are several tried and tested ways of preventing and treating vitamin A deficiency, including improved production and consumption of foods rich in vitamin A or carotene, especially dark-green leafy vegetables and fruits, and liver, eggs and milk products if available. Fortification of fats has been successfully introduced in industrialized countries while the same technique using sugar proved to be equally successful in Central America. Another useful strategy is supplementation with large doses of vitamin A every 4 to 6 months for children of pre-school age and lactating women.
This article is mainly about ______.
选项
A、WHO’s mission and achievements
B、micronutrient malnutrition and its impact on children’s health
C、the inadequate health care system in the world
D、the rising infant mortality and its causes
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/PKlO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
OppositiontotheVietnamWarintheUnitedStatesdevelopedimmediatelyafterthebeginningofthewar,chieflyamongtradition
A、1989B、1990C、1998D、1999C
社区教育是外来名词,由联合国教科文组织对社区教育的界定引入到对我国社区教育的定义。随着我国经济的发展,城市化进程的加快,大批城乡居民搬迁新居,从而产生了一个个居民小区,社区由此形成。而社区教育适应了社区居民精神生活和终身学习的需要,满足了居民的受教育的权利
WhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTformedthroughclipping?
1 "Internationalcommunication"iscommunicationbetweenmembersofdifferentcultures.Thisdefinitionissimple.Butt
WhichofthefollowingisNOTafreemorpheme?
Afterhavingassuredtheirreturnjourney,thewriterandhiscompanioncouldconcentrateoncollectingandfilmanimals.Decidi
A、Theproduct’sownworth.B、Theproduct’sdesign.C、Theproduct’sadvertising.D、Theproduct’sprice.ATheadvertisingman反复强调:
社区教育是外来名词,由联合国教科文组织对社区教育的界定引入到对我国社区教育的定义。随着我国经济的发展,城市化进程的加快,大批城乡居民搬迁新居,从而产生了一个个居民小区,社区由此形成。而社区教育适应了社区居民精神生活和终身学习的需要,满足了居民的受教育的权利
Mymother’shandsaredeepincabbageleaves,hersleevespusheduppastherelbows,asshesiftsthroughwater,salt,andveget
随机试题
演绎作品是指()已有作品而产生的作品。
按风险起因不同,代理买卖证券的风险主要包括( )。
国务院某部以违法从事生产经营为由对某省上市公司作出罚款100万元的处罚。该公司不服,向该部申请行政复议。公司对该部作出的复议决定不服,向国务院申请裁决。根据《行政诉讼法》《行政复议法》及《行政复议法实施条例》的规定,下列关于本案中复议机关和法院处理的说法中
供应商的环境管理情况认证主要内容不包括()。
我国旧历法的“侯”是指()。
教学反思的途径有哪些?
甲一直暗恋同学乙,某日趁乙不备偷拍其换衣服的照片,并以此要挟乙与自己结婚。乙只好同意和甲结婚。下列说法中正确的是( )。
Britain’scompetitionregulatorisescalatingitsinvestigationintowhetherAmazon’splannedinvestmentinUKfooddeliveryc
在数据处理中,其处理的最小单位是()。
A、 B、 C、 B
最新回复
(
0
)