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  3. "It’s common knowledge that sleep is needed for day to day function," says Dr. David Rapoport, director of the Sleep Medicine Pr

"It’s common knowledge that sleep is needed for day to day function," says Dr. David Rapoport, director of the Sleep Medicine Pr

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问题    "It’s common knowledge that sleep is needed for day to day function," says Dr. David Rapoport, director of the Sleep Medicine Program at NYU School of Medicine. "What isn’t common knowledge is that it really matters—it’s not just cosmetic." Rapoport has long seen people seek sleep therapy because they’re chronically tired or suffering from sleeplessness, but an increasing number of patients are being referred to his center for common diseases, disorders, and mental health.
   Recently, the research on sleep has been overwhelming, with mounting evidence that it plays a role in nearly every aspect of health. Beyond chronic illnesses, a child’s behavioral problems at school could be rooted in mild sleep apnea And studies have shown children with ADHD are more likely to get insufficient sleep. A recent study published in the journal SLEEP found a link between older men with poor sleep quality and cognitive decline. Another study out this week shows sleep is essential in early childhood for development, learning, and the formation and retention of memories. Dr. Allan Rechtschaffen, a pioneer of sleep research at the University of Chicago, once said, "If sleep does not serve an absolutely vital function, then it is the biggest mistake the evolutionary process ever made."
   While diet and exercise have been a part of public health messaging for decades, doctors and health advocates are now beginning to argue that getting quality sleep may be just as important for overall health. "Sleep is probably easier to change than diet or exercise," says Dr. Michael Grandner, a sleep researcher at the University of Pennsylvania. "It may also give you more of an immediate reward if it helps you get through your day." Sleep experts claim that it is one of the top three, and sometimes the most important lifestyle adjustments one can make, in addition to diet and exercise. And while there’s more evidence linking diet and exercise as influential health factors, sleep is probably more important in terms of brain and hormonal function, Grandner says. "Among a small group of sleep researchers, it’s always been said that eating, exercise, and sleep are the three pillars of health," says Dr. Rapoport.
   Using technology before bed stimulates us and interferes with our sleep, yet 95% of Americans use some type of electronics like a computer, TV, or cell phone at least a few nights a week within the hour before we go to bed, according to a National Sleep Foundation survey. "Many doctors, lawyers, and executives stay up late and get up early and burn the candle at both ends," says Dr. Richard Lang, chair of Preventative Medicine at the Cleveland Clinic. "Making sure they pay attention to sleep in the same way they pay attention to diet and exercise is crucial."
   Arianna Huffington, president and editor-in-chief of the Huffington Post Media Group, advocates that sleep is the secret to success, happiness, and peak performance. In a TEDWomen conference, Huffington said, "The way to a more productive, more inspired, more joyful life is getting enough sleep." Research linking high-quality sleep with better mental health is growing; a recent study found that treating depressed patients for sleeplessness can double their likelihood of overcoming the disorder.
   [A] reminds those who stay up late and wake up early to pay attention to sleep.
   [B] thinks that having enough sleep is the key to success, happiness and peak performance.
   [C] suggests that only few people know the daily function of sleep.
   [D] emphasizes the vital function of sleep by an assumption about evolution.
   [E] holds that sleep may play a more important role in brain and hormonal function.
   [F] points out that the importance of sleep is quite beyond common knowledge.
   [G] believes that among the three pillars of health, sleep is the most important one.
Dr. Allan Rechtschaffen
选项
答案D
解析 Dr．Allan Rechtschaffen出现在第二段。该段最后一句提到，Dr．Allan Rechtschaffen曾经说，如果睡眠没有起绝对重要的作用，那么它就是进化中的最大错误。这个假设的言下之意即睡眠肯定有很重要的作用。D中的vital function是文中的原词复现，evolution是原文evolutionary的词性转换，assumption是对原文If…then…的概括，故确定D为本题答案。
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