首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
We hear a lot about lying these days. Politicians saying whatever they need to get elected. Business people saying whatever to m
We hear a lot about lying these days. Politicians saying whatever they need to get elected. Business people saying whatever to m
admin
2021-09-25
21
问题
We hear a lot about lying these days. Politicians saying whatever they need to get elected. Business people saying whatever to make a profit. Criminals insisting they did not commit the crimes they were caught doing. Even actors and community leaders lie to keep their positive public image. It seems that lying is more pervasive these days than it ever has. But whether that is the case or not is up for debate. There just may be more reasons to hear about lying or to find out if someone is lying.
One way to consider the prevalence of lying is to consider if it exists for all animal species. Other animals have been in social groups for much longer than humans. Has lying been an issue with those animals as well? If so, then how long has lying been around? When you review studies on animals, you find that lying or being "deceitful" has been around for as long as any animal species have been in social groups. This has been known for quite some time. What has been found recently is that animals will be deceitful to members of their own species. Previous research emphasized that animals would use deceit (what we refer to as "lying") to protect themselves from predators.
Considering lying, along with other behaviors we might consider to be immoral, is an interesting topic in recent academic works. This includes the book chapter "Immoral-like Behavior in Animals’ written by David Steinberg. Reading this chapter is a reminder that nonhuman animals face lying issues with many of the same behaviors as in human social groups. It is useful to keep this in mind when recognizing that human and nonhuman animals are equally complex and multi-layered in how they treat members of their own species.
But when we consider the term "lying”, and how it exists in the animal and the non-animal world, it is also useful to note that it actually does not occur that often. Being deceitful about intentions or behaviors might be something animals do on occasion to put them in a better spot for survival. But doing this takes a lot of energy and effort that it is often not worth the cost. It is similar to how we humans will say that lying is "not worth it" because "then you have to remember what lie you told and tell another lie to explain the first lie". Similarly, an animal who might deceive other members of its group about where it found food so that it can have food for its own survival, then has to remember where it actually found the food while deceiving others.
When considering why there seems to be pervasive "lying" these days, it might be useful to consider how much of it is actually " lying". " Lying" is a term for telling something that is completely false to obtain a desired outcome. Humans use the term "lying" for a lot of situations that might not actually be total deception. Animals do not lie that often. Likewise, humans, also, probably lie a lot less often than they are accused of. Using the term "lying" might be more often used for convenience rather than accuracy. Lies are totally, or almost totally, false and typically have a specific purpose of deceiving another individual.
What is the main idea of this text?
选项
A、A lies does not have to be told with a malicious intention.
B、Lying is probably one of the most common wrong acts that people carry out.
C、People may also justify lying by framing it as an act of altruism.
D、Looking at lying across species helps explain what we are seeing in humans.
答案
D
解析
主旨题。本文主要探究了撒谎这种现象,第一段介绍撒谎现象似乎很多,第二段介绍人们对动物界的撒谎行为的认知,第三段介绍大卫.斯坦伯格的文章内容。他认为人和动物在撒谎行为上很像,第四段介绍动物界撒谎行为很少,第五段介绍人类世界的撒谎行为也没很像想象中那么多,回应第一段的内容。整体来看,[D]符合本文的主旨。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/QK1Z777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquency(crimescommittedbyyoungpeople)focuseitherontheindividualor
Researchonanimalintelligencealwaysmakesmewonderjusthowsmarthumansare.【C1】______thefruit-flyexperimentsdescribed
Teachersneedtobeawareoftheemotional,intellectual,andphysicalchangesthatyoungadultsexperience.Andtheyalsoneed
Americaisoneofmanycountrieswherethestategivesaleg-uptomembersofcertainracial,ethnic,orothergroups【C1】______h
Americaisoneofmanycountrieswherethestategivesaleg-uptomembersofcertainracial,ethnic,orothergroups【C1】______h
Americaisoneofmanycountrieswherethestategivesaleg-uptomembersofcertainracial,ethnic,orothergroups【C1】______h
InSeptember,morethanadozenwhalesbeachedthemselvesintheCanaryIslands.Rescuerstriedtowaterdownthewhalesandkee
InSeptember,morethanadozenwhalesbeachedthemselvesintheCanaryIslands.Rescuerstriedtowaterdownthewhalesandkee
Googleistalkingtoautomakersabouthowtobringitsself-driving-cartechnologytomarket,executivessaidTuesday.Project
Googleistalkingtoautomakersabouthowtobringitsself-driving-cartechnologytomarket,executivessaidTuesday.Project
随机试题
通过亲身实践来获得知识、技能,体现了课外校外教育的【】
(2005年第106题)女性,70岁,行走时不慎滑倒,即感右髋部疼痛,2小时后来院,查体右髋部有皮下淤血、局部压痛、右下肢较左下肢短缩3cm,右下肢外旋80°畸形。最可能的诊断是
放大扫描功能的实现是基于哪项的调整
A.形成磷酰化胆碱酯酶B.水解大量AChC.兴奋交感神经系统D.抑制心血管运动中枢E.引起组织缺氧一氧化碳中毒的主要病理改变是
1岁小儿,诊断为营养性缺铁性贫血。症见面色萎黄,神疲乏力,食欲不振,少气懒言,舌淡、苔薄白、指纹淡红。治疗应首先考虑的方剂是
下列关于大模板体系的说法,正确的有()。
期货公司申请从事期货投资咨询业务,应当具备的条件包括()。
简述民事诉讼的管辖。
请开始答题:7169
某学生研究了不同类型的照片对外显记忆和内隐记忆的影响。下面是该研究的实验方法部分。依据材料回答:2.方法2.1被试某校心理学专业二年级A班全体同学90名。其视力或矫正视力正常。2.2实验仪器与材料2.2
最新回复
(
0
)