首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The ancient Chinese board game Go was invented long before there was any writing to record its rules. A game from the impossibly
The ancient Chinese board game Go was invented long before there was any writing to record its rules. A game from the impossibly
admin
2017-12-31
48
问题
The ancient Chinese board game Go was invented long before there was any writing to record its rules. A game from the impossibly distant past has now brought us closer to a moment that once seemed part of an impossibly distant future: a time when machines are cleverer than we are. For years, Go was considered the last redoubt against the march of computers. Machines might win at chess, draughts, Othello, Monopoly, bridge and poker. Go, though, was different. The game requires intuition, strategising, character reading, along with vast numbers of moves and permutations. It was invented to teach people balance and patience, qualities unique to human intelligence.
This week a computer called AlphaGo defeated the world’s best player of Go. It did so by "learning" the game, crunching through 30 million positions from recorded matches, reacting and anticipating. It evolved as a player and taught itself. That single game of Go marks a milestone on the road to "technological singularity", the moment when artificial intelligence becomes capable of self-improvement and learns faster than humans can control or understand. Fear of the super-intelligent, over-mighty machine is embedded in our psyche. Technological advance brings with it the anxiety that the machines will eventually threaten humanity, a dread underpinned by the attribution to machines of our own evolutionary instinct to survive at the expense of lesser species. Artificial intelligence is advancing in ways that were once the preserve of science fiction. Scientists are competing to build robot footballers, with a prediction that would once have sounded barmy: "By the middle of the 21st century, a team of fully autonomous humanoid robot soccer players shall win a soccer game, against the winner of the most recent World Cup. " Pepper, an affectionate humanoid robot, was unveiled last year. It is designed to "make people happy" by reading human emotions using a 3D depth sensor and lasers which analyse the facial expressions and voice tones of the people around it.
Robot comes from the Czech robota meaning forced labour. Machines are increasingly working with humans. They even make financial decisions: one Hong Kong firm recently appointed an algorithm to its board, with an equal vote on investment decisions. Entrenched in our culture is the idea that when Man overreaches himself by playing God, he faces disaster. In Mary Shelley’ s Frankenstein, the monster made by man is an offence against religion and nature that turns on its creator. Its alternative title was The Modern Prometheus: a reference to the figure from Greek mythology who was punished for displaying arrogance towards the gods. It is a short step from Frankenstein to HAL, the softly spoken computer in 2001: A Space Odyssey, which also turns on its human masters. The film Ex Machina is the latest expression of that terror.
Underlying this staple sci-fi plot is the assumption that a machine with comparable or greater abilities than ours will inevitably become an enemy. The theory goes that a robot will eventually take over and throw off the "forced labour" reflected in its name. Yet machines do only what they are created to do, and no robot could be built that shares our evolutionary biology. For AlphaGo to represent a danger, it would have to know that it had won, and to like winning. As drone technology shows, intelligent machines can be programmed to endanger humans. All inventions can be turned to nefarious ends, and the advance of artificial intelligence requires human intelligence to frame a set of robotic ethics. While the machines do not need regulation, the people who invent and use them do.
In 1942, the great science fiction writer Isaac Asimov drew up three laws governing robot behavior: 1. Never harm a human being through action or inaction: 2. Obey human orders(subject to rule 1): 3. A robot must protect its own existence,(subject to 1 and 2). It is no accident that Asimov’s code was drawn up at a time when unfettered power, based on superior technology, was causing untold suffering across the world. He later added a fourth: that robots should not allow humanity in general to come to harm. To Asimov’s rules might be added requirements to comply with existing international law and human rights, to design robots in a way that their function is clear and apparent, and to ensure that human beings bear direct legal responsibility for robot behavior.
A code of ethics for roboticists would be complex, but no harder to frame than the regulations governing existing relationships between man and machines: speed limits, safety rules, arms treaties. Drawing up the new robot laws would require patience, foresight and adaptability: the very human qualities to be instilled when Go was invented.
Which of the following is NOT true about the computer AlphaGo?
选项
A、It can play all kinds of games invented by mankind.
B、It is most intelligent and most capable in teaching itself.
C、It has defeated the world’s best player of Go.
D、It has the ability of self-improvement and learns faster than we can follow.
答案
A
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/QMSO777K
本试题收录于:
NAETI高级口译笔试题库外语翻译证书(NAETI)分类
0
NAETI高级口译笔试
外语翻译证书(NAETI)
相关试题推荐
Thankstheirhugelypopularmobile-paymentsystems,AlipayandWeChatPay,cashhasmoreorlessvanishedfromChina’seasternc
Thecurrentconfrontationfeelsweightier.OnereasoniswhyChina,whichoncemerelyseemedtobecatchingup,nowwantstoove
下面你将听到一段有关云南少数民族情况介绍的讲话。文山壮族苗族自治州位于云南省东南部,东与广西相连,南与越南接壤,边境线长达438公里、总面积3万多平方公里,和海南省差不多。文山州有悠久的历史,境内发现过古人类牙齿化石,说明远古时期就有人类在此生息
WhyhavetheAmericansdevelopedspaceshuttleaccordingtothepassage?
MillionsofbooksandanInternet-basedcampusnetworkareavailablefortheUniversitystaffandstudents.
Listentothefollowingpassage.WriteinEnglishashortsummaryof150-200wordsofwhatyouhaveheardontheANSWERSHEET.Y
Listentothefollowingpassage.WriteinEnglishashortsummaryof150-200wordsofwhatyouhaveheardontheANSWERSHEET.Y
Ascrimeskyrocketsinmanycommunities,peoplearefinallybeginningtolookforlong-lastingeffectiveanswerstostemthetid
A、Impressiveatfirst.B、Aswitchboardoperatingsystem.C、Thenervouscenterofthehotel.D、Thefirstpointofcontactwitha
A、TheteacherwrotearecommendationforJudy.B、Judydidn’tfinishalltherecommendedreading.C、Judyhaddriedherselfoffal
随机试题
并励直流电动机励磁电压等于电动机的额定电压。()
扁平式组织结构的缺点是()
根据湿邪的致病特点,下列正确的是()。
无绳电话是通信终端(电话机)的一种无线延伸装置,并使话机由固定变为移动,是()。
下列关于票据特征的表述中不正确的有()。
某建筑工程公司最近几年的承包额如下表所示。 根据以上资料,回答下列问题:依据2008年至2011年数据,且权重分别为0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4,采用加权移动平均法预测2012年该建筑工程公司的承包额为()万元。
一般资料:求助者,女性,24岁,大专学历,原为护士,现待业。案例介绍:半年多以前,求助者下夜班后独自回租住地的途中遭遇抢劫。当时非常害怕,落荒而逃,从此不敢在晚上单独走路,晚上偶尔一个人走在街上,眼前就会浮现出当时被抢的情景,感到胸闷、心慌、全身
目前我国高校博物馆的数量已有150多座,然而这些博物馆却很寂寞,终年_______,有的连自己学校的师生都不知晓,有的由于没有展出条件,众多的宝贝常年灰尘满面,利用率很低。至于说到免费开放和惠及民众,更是很_______的话题。填入画横线部分最恰
A.条件(1)充分,但条件(2)不充分.B.条件(2)充分,但条件(1)不充分.C.条件(1)和(2)单独都不充分,但条件(1)和(2)联合起来充分.D.条件(1)充分,条件(2)也充分.E.条件(1)和(2)单独都不充分,条件(1)和(2)联合起
电子商务的概念模型可以抽象地描述为每个交易主体和【 】之间的交易事务关系。
最新回复
(
0
)