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  3. The decline in moral standards—which has long concerned social analysts—has at last captured the attention of average Americans.

The decline in moral standards—which has long concerned social analysts—has at last captured the attention of average Americans.

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问题     The decline in moral standards—which has long concerned social analysts—has at last captured the attention of average Americans. And Jean Bethke Elshtain, for one, is glad.
    The fact the ordinary citizens are now starting to think seriously about the nation’s moral climate, says this ethics (伦理学) professor at the University of Chicago, is reason to hope that new ideas will come forward to improve it.
    But the challenge is not to be underestimated. Materialism and individualism in American society are the biggest obstacles. "The thought that ’I’m in it for me’ has become deeply rooted in the national consciousness," Ms. Elshtain says.
    Some of this can be attributed to the disintegration of traditional communities, in which neighbors looked out for one another, she says. With today’s greater mobility and with so many couples working, those bonds have been weakened, replaced by a greater emphasis on self.
    In a 1996 poll of Americans, loss of morality topped the list of the biggest problems facing the U.S. and Elshtain says the public is correct to sense that; Data show that Americans are struggling with problems unheard of in the 1950s, such as classroom violence and a high rate of births to unmarried mothers.
    The desire for a higher moral standard is not a lament (挽歌) for some nonexistent "golden age," Elshtain says, nor is it a wishful (一厢情愿的) longing for a time that denied opportunities to women and minorities. Most people, in fact, favor the lessening of prejudice.
    Moral decline will not be reversed until people find ways to counter the materialism in society, she says. "Slowly, you recognize that the things that matter are those that can’t be bought. " (293 words)
Which of the following characterizes the traditional communities?
选项 A、Great mobility.
B、Concern for one’s neighbors.
C、Emphasis on individual effort.
D、Ever-weakening social bonds.
答案B
解析 本题属于细节题。由题干“traditional communities”定位到第四段第一句：“…traditional communities，in which neighbors looked out for one another”，“in which”是对前面的先行词“traditional communities”作了补充说明，解释了其特点，即邻居之间相互关照。由此断定，传统社区的特点是B“关心邻居”。注意这道题和上一题的相关性，由上一题的分析我们得知当今社会人与人的联系被割断，人越来越关注自我，这是过去和现在社区或者说人际关系的一种鲜明对比。
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