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  3. Consumers and producers obviously make decisions that mold the economy, but there is a third major【C1】______to consider, the rol

Consumers and producers obviously make decisions that mold the economy, but there is a third major【C1】______to consider, the rol

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问题     Consumers and producers obviously make decisions that mold the economy, but there is a third major【C1】______to consider, the role of government. Government has a powerful【C2】______on the economy in at least four ways:
    Direct Services. The postal system, for example, is a federal system【C3】______ the entire nation, as is the large and complex establishment. Conversely the【C4】______and maintenance of most highways is the responsibility of the individual states, and the public educational systems, 【C5】______ a large funding role by the federal government, are primarily【C6】______for by state or city governments. Police and fire protection and sanitation services are【C7】______the responsibilities of local government.
    Regulation and Control. The government regulates and controls private enterprise, in many ways, for the【C8】______of assuring that business serves the best interests of the people【C9】______a whole. Regulation is【C10】______in areas where private enterprise is【C11】______a monopoly, such as in telephone or electric service. Public policy【C12】______ such companies to make a reasonable profit,【C13】______limits their ability to raise prices unfairly, since the public depends on their services. Often control is exercised to protect the public, as for example, when the Food and Drug Administration bans【C14】______drugs, or requires standards of 【C15】______in food.
    Stabilization and Growth. Branches of government including Congress attempt to control the extremes of boom and bust of inflation and depression, by【C16】______tax rates, the money supply, and the use of credit. They can also【C17】______the economy through changes in the amount of public spending by the government itself.
    Direct Assistance. The government【C18】______businesses and individuals with many kinds of help. For example, tariffs permit certain products to remain relatively【C19】______of foreign competition; imports are sometimes taxed【C20】______American products are able to compete better with certain foreign goods.
【C16】
选项 A、applauding
B、assessing
C、ascending
D、adjusting
答案D
解析 介词by引导的短语表方式，由空格前的control．．．可知此处是表示控制通胀引起的繁荣和通缩引起的经济萧条的手段。D项adjusting“调整”代入文中，意为“包括国会在内的政府机构会试图通过调整关税、货币供应量和信贷来控制通货膨胀引起的经济繁荣和通货紧缩引起的经济萧条”，符合上下文语义和常识，故本题选D。
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