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  3. The following two excerpts are about whether people should use private cars. From the excerpts, you can find that people hold en

The following two excerpts are about whether people should use private cars. From the excerpts, you can find that people hold en

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问题     The following two excerpts are about whether people should use private cars. From the excerpts, you can find that people hold entirely different opinions in this respect. Some applaud for the use of private cars while others make a stand against it.
Write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should:
    1. summarize briefly the two excerpts, and then
    2. express your opinion towards the use of private cars.
    Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.
    Write your article on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.
Excerpt 1
                      Pros of Using Private Cars
    In modern perspectives, the quality of life for many people has improved. Consequently, many people are now capable of owning a car and other luxuries. Since such people could afford private cars, they therefore, find it unnecessary travelling in crowded buses each day and worrying about being late. Apparently, cars make travelling for people comfortable while at the same time creating convenience. Similarly, cars have created personal independence, which is desirable for many people who can afford it. With private cars, a road user would not have to depend on the fixed departure and arrival schedules of public modes of transport or taxi services, which in most times are expensive. Moreover, there is no need for people with busy schedule and school goers to rely on public modes of transport especially if it inconveniences their schedule.
    There are also some contexts such as emergencies where private cars become a necessary mode of transport. In this perspective, we have to take into consideration that there are some parts especially in rural areas, which do not have adequate ambulance facilities, police cruisers, and many mobile medical facilities. Personal cars therefore, come in handy in transporting patients during emergencies or sudden ailments to the nearest health facilities. It is also important to note that sick people need a peaceful environment where they are not unnecessarily disturbed while travelling to hospital. This is not possible in public transport where there are many people and disturbance. Further, there are also circumstances when public modes of transport become unavailable. For instance, during peak times, public modes of transport are filled quickly and one may take a long time before finding space in one of them. This will leave a passenger with no option, but to use the available modes, including private vehicles.
Excerpt 2
                        Cons of Using Private Cars
    The use of private cars without restriction subsequently leads into traffic congestion on public roads. Although there are those arguing that it creates convenience for users, these same users end up waiting in their cars for a long time during traffic jams. The traffic congestion caused by private cars certainly dilutes the benefits attributed to their use. In addition, private cars contribute to many of the accidents occurring on our roads. This is made worse in urban towns where there are large numbers of schools, offices, companies, hospitals and other faculties. Further, the number of personal cars continues to rise each day. This means that road congestion is an inevitable experience if no check is done on their use. The congestion problem further occurs when the owners park cars anyhow, including on roadsides.
    Moreover, the presence of many cars in a particular area means more pollution to the environment. Gas emissions discharged by these cars presents serious risk to the environment. This assumption is backed by scientific research that the many cars existing on our roads have hugely contributed to environmental risks. It is good to understand that most cars use either diesel or gasoline as fuel, despite the availability of alternative option for fuel. Diesel and gasoline are derived from petroleum, which in turn comes from the earth. The increase of new cars means that more of these fuels will have to be used. Consequently, there would have been more drilling of oil, which in turn, disrupts and pollutes the surrounding environment. Further, factories involved in crude oil processing are known for not only environmental pollution, but also use of much fuel.
选项
答案 On the Use of Private Cars With regard to the use of private cars, people hold entirely different points of view. As is depicted in the excerpts, some people deem that private cars should be preserved for the comfort, convenience, independence and capacity to handle emergencies that private cars provide while others hold that private cars should be banned for the traffic congestion, accidents as well as environmental pollution brought by them. From my perspective, it is high time that private cars should be restricted, especially in big cities. First, private car is a costly transportation in terms of fuel consumption and environmental conservation compared with a bus or an underground train that can send tens or hundreds of people to their destination. As it is, private cars boast limited passenger capacity, mostly with one or two people in them. Therefore, it is easy to see that if more people choose the public transport instead of private cars, the fuel saved can be considerable, especially in big cities. This will undoubtedly does good to the environment. Second, with so many cars on the road, driving has become an extremely unpleasant experience. The heavy traffic jams in big cities, especially in the rush hour, have made it notoriously inconvenient to drive. Once I was caught in the traffic jam, and it took me more than an hour to cover a short distance of only about 200 meters around an interchange. Riding a bicycle or just walking would have saved much more time! Then what should be done to restrict private cars in big cities? Remember, to restrict private cars does not mean to ban private cars all together, nor does it mean to cause inconveniences to citizens. First, the government can consider levying fuel tax to discourage the use of private cars. Second, the government should lay more emphasis on public transportation in order to encourage individuals to drive less. All in all, I think it not only necessary but also possible to restrict private cars.
解析     材料由两个选段构成，第一个选段主要阐述对私家车的支持观点及其依据，第二个选段则阐述对私家车的反对观点及其论据。根据题目的要求，首先应总结两个选段的大意，然后发表自己对于私家车使用的看法。考生可采取以下的作文布局：
第一段：总结材料中两个选段的大意，说明两方的观点，同时亮明自己的观点，如应该限制私家车。
第二段：阐述限制私家车第一个原因——可以节约能源，在保护环境方面起积极作用；
第三段：阐述限制私家车第二个原因一一由于车辆拥挤和交通堵塞，自驾小车已不再是最便利的出行方式；
第四段：对如何限制私家车提出建议，如：征收燃油税、更加重视发展公共交通等。第五段：总结全文，再次强调限制私家车的重要性和可行性。
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