首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Who Lives? Who Dies? Who Decides? A)Some have called it a Right to Die case. Others have labeled it a Right to Live case. One gr
Who Lives? Who Dies? Who Decides? A)Some have called it a Right to Die case. Others have labeled it a Right to Live case. One gr
admin
2014-12-31
22
问题
Who Lives? Who Dies? Who Decides?
A)Some have called it a Right to Die case. Others have labeled it a Right to Live case. One group of advocates has called for "death with dignity." Others have responded accusingly, "euthanasia".
B)At the center of the latest controversy about life and death, medicine and law, is a seventy-eight-year-old Massachusetts man whose existence hangs on a court order.
C)On one point, everyone agrees: Earle Spring is not the man he used to be. Once a strapping outdoorsman, he is now called senile by many, and mentally incompetent by the courts. He is, at worst, a member of living dead; at best, a shriveled version of his former self.
D)For more than two years, since his physical and then mental health began to deteriorate , Earle Spring has been kept alive by spending five hours on a kidney dialysis machine three times a week. Since January 1979, his family has pleaded to have him removed from the life-support system.
E)They believe deeply that he Earle Spring who was would not want to live as the Earle Spring who is. They believe they are advocates for the right to die in peace.
F)In the beginning, the court agrees. Possibly for the first time, they reeled last month in favor of withdrawing medical care from an elderly patient whose mind had deteriorated. The dialysis was stopped.
G)But then, in a sudden intervention, an outside nurse and doctor visited Earle Spring and testified that he was alert enough to "make a weak expression of his desire to live." And so the treatments were resumed.
H)Now, while the courts are waiting for new and more thorough evidence about Spring’ s mental state, the controversy rages about legal procedures; no judge ever visited Spring, no psychiatrist ever testified. And even more important, we are again forced to determine one person’ s right to die or to live.
I)This case makes the Karen Ann Quinlan story seem simple in comparison. Quinlan today hangs onto her "life" long after her "plug was pulled." But when the New Jersey court heard that case, Quinlan had no will. She had suffered brain death by any definition.
J)The Spring story is different. He is neither competent nor comatose. He lives in a gray area of consciousness. So the questions also range over the gray area of our consciences.
K)What should the relationship be between mental and physical treatment? Should we treat the incompetent as aggressively as the competent? Should we order heart surgery for one senile citizen? Should we take another off a kidney machine? Who is to decide?
L)Until recently, we didn’t have the technology to keep Earle Spring alive. Until recently, the-life-and-death decisions about the senile elderly or the retarded or the institutionalized were made privately between families and medical people. Now, increasingly, in States like Massachusetts, they are made publicly and legally.
M)Clearly there are no absolutes in this case. No right to die. No right to live. We have to take into account many social as well as medical factors. How much of the resources of a society or a family should be allotted to a member who no longer recognizes it? How many sacrifices should the healthy and vital make for the terminally or permanently ill and disabled?
N)In England, where kidney dialysis machines are scarce, Earle Spring would never have remained on one. In America, one Earle Spring can decimate the energy and income of an entire family.
O)But the Spring case is a crucial, scary one that could affect all those living under that dubious sentence "incompetent" or that shaky diagnosis "senile". So it seems to me that if there is any mental activity at all, then disconnecting him from life would be a dangerous precedent, far more dangerous than letting him continue.
P)The court ruled originally in favor of taking Spring off the machine. It ruled that this is what Earle Spring would have wanted. I have no doubt that his family believes it. I have no doubt of their affection or their pain.
Q)But I remember, too, what my grandfather used to say: No one wants to live to be one hundred until you ask the man who is ninety-nine. Well, no one, including Earle Spring, wants to live to be senile. But once senile, he may well want to live. We simply have to give him the benefit of the doubt. Any doubt.
Earle Spring’s treatments were resumed due to his own desire to live.
选项
答案
G
解析
题干:由于厄尔·斯普林自己想要生存的愿望,他的治疗才重新开始。题干关键词是treatments,resumed和desire。文中G段提到,后来,一位护士和医生去看望厄尔·斯普林,发现并证实了他尚有意识能够表示自己想活下去,因此治疗又开始了。与题干意思吻合,故选G。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/RQq7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
InastudypublishedWednesday,collegestudentswhowereaskedtocompleteanagrams(字谜)whileanearbyresearchertalkedonher
InastudypublishedWednesday,collegestudentswhowereaskedtocompleteanagrams(字谜)whileanearbyresearchertalkedonher
InastudypublishedWednesday,collegestudentswhowereaskedtocompleteanagrams(字谜)whileanearbyresearchertalkedonher
Americansarenowsuper-sized,overweight,andfattyeven.ThisistrueofalmosttwothirdsofAmericanadults.Butwhatismor
Fightunhealthyfood,notfatpeopleIt’shardlybreakingnewsthatjunkfoodisbadforus.Butjusthowbad—andjusthow
Mothersreallydofavourtheir"preciousfirstborns"overthechildrentheyhavelater,researchhasfound.Amongexamples
Isitcheapertobeawoman—oraman?Tocelebratethelaunchofgenderequalityinfinancialservices,Moneyexploredother
A、Thefloodhascausedheavycasualties.B、Thefloodhascausedthefoodpricestorise.C、Thefloodhasmadeitimpossibletog
A、Ittakespicturesonly.B、Itcannotdopaperwork.C、Itneedssomeonetoissuefines.D、Ittakespicturesanddoespaperwork.
随机试题
属于国际市场营销战略类型的是()
有关中心线的叙述,正确的是
慢性龈炎患者的牙龈表现是
某地属山区,长年累月多阴雨天,天气寒冷、潮湿。客厅内有开放式炉灶,日夜燃烧,一边取暖,一边烤食品,燃料为当地产的浅层煤块。当地农民多有黄褐色或黑褐色斑牙。腰背、四肢大关节疼痛,肢体、脊柱骨骼变形者亦有之。此型疾病的主要预防措施是
在1.05k/cm2蒸汽压力下,灭菌的标准时间通常是
男性,4l岁,患肝硬化5年。5天来畏寒发热,体温38℃左右,全腹痛,腹部明显膨隆,尿量550ml/日。上述病例,最可能的诊断是
锅炉安全附件主要指()。
下列各项中,属于资源税征收范围的是()。
在考生文件夹下有一个工程文件sjt5.vbp,其窗体上有一个名称为Text1的文本框;还有两个名称分别为C1、C2的命令按钮,标题分别为“计算”、“存盘”。有一个函数过程isprime(a)可以在程序中直接调用,其功能是判断参数a是否为素数,如果是素数,则
对不同类型的运算符,优先级的规定是()。
最新回复
(
0
)