2. 外语
  3. Evidence of the benefits that volunteering can bring older people continues to roll in. "Volunteers have improved physical and s

Evidence of the benefits that volunteering can bring older people continues to roll in. "Volunteers have improved physical and s

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问题     Evidence of the benefits that volunteering can bring older people continues to roll in. "Volunteers have improved physical and social functioning," said Fengyan Tang, an assistant professor at the University of Pittsburgh School of Social Work, who has(1)_____older volunteers. "They report better well-being and greater life(2)_____. There’s a reduced risk of death compared to non-volunteers."
    It was reported a few weeks back on a public school program(3)_____ volunteers, in a small-scale initial study, appeared to(4)_____ their risk of cognitive(认知的)decline.
     (5)_____ we’re also learning that not all volunteering is created equal. In Dr. Tang’s most recent study,(6)_____ in The Gerontologist, she (7)_____ 207 volunteers(average age: 72)who spent(8)_____ average six hours a week on programs providing(9)_____ services as preparing meals or teaching computer skills.
    The results(10)_____ how important the programs’ organization and administration can be. Volunteers reported greater "socioemotional benefits"— a sense of having made important(11)_____, feelings of enhanced well-being—when the programs (12)_____ greater "organizational support."
    What’s organizational support? Thoughtfully (13)_____ volunteers with jobs that interest them. Offering training so that volunteers feel(14)_____ with the work environment, the(15)_____, the task, the possible challenges(16)______. Making volunteering more convenient for older people by providing parking or transportation,(17)_____small stipends (薪金). Recognizing their efforts(18)_____ events or awards.
    "Organizational support is more important than the individual characteristics of the volunteer, (19)_____ longer participation and greater benefit," Dr. Tang said. Seniors and families looking for engaging volunteer opportunities, and programs hoping to(20)_____ and retain older volunteers, take note.
(8)
选项 A、on
B、by
C、in
D、under
答案A
解析 on average为固定搭配，表示“平均”，故选A。
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