If businessmen are taxed too much, they will no longer be motivated to work hard, with the result that incomes from taxation mig

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问题 If businessmen are taxed too much, they will no longer be motivated to work hard, with the result that incomes from taxation might actually______.

选项 A、shrink
B、delay
C、lessen
D、sink

答案A

解析 shrink“缩小,减少”(cause to)become smaller,as from the effect of heat orwater,其过去式和过去分词为shrank,shrunk,如:Washing wool in hot water willmake it shrink.“用热水洗毛织物会使其缩水。”The number of students has shrunk.“学生数量减少了。”对shrink有干扰作用的选择项是D项的sink,sink除了“下沉”外主要指“降低”(go down in number,strength,value),如:Their standard of livingsteadily sank down.“他们的生活水平不断下降。”题句中要求填人谓语的句子主语是income,其实可以从能用于修饰income的形容词人手分析,便不难区别这两个词的不同而做出正确选择了。一般我们说big(large)income,所以反义词便是small income,而shrink的意思就是(cause to)become smaller;但上面一例中的standard却不能用big或large修饰,而只能说high standard,所以是…standard…sank down“生活水平降低”,不是“缩小”或“减少”。虽然从汉语上来理解,收入减少和收入下降都讲得通,但我们万万不能从汉语翻译角度去选择,而应当吃透词的真正含义和语义搭配。delay“耽搁,推迟”,lessen“减轻,变少”,是less的动词形式,用在句中意思不通。题句意:“如果商人的税赋太重,他们就不再有努力工作的积极性,结果来自纳税的收人也许实际上就会减少。”
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