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  3. Autism is a strange condition. Sometimes its symptoms of "social blindness"(an inability to read or comprehend the emotions of o

Autism is a strange condition. Sometimes its symptoms of "social blindness"(an inability to read or comprehend the emotions of o

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问题     Autism is a strange condition. Sometimes its symptoms of "social blindness"(an inability to read or comprehend the emotions of others)occur alone. This is called high-functioning autism, or Asperger’s syndrome. Though their fellow men and women may regard them as a bit odd, high-functioning autists are often successful(sometimes very successful)members of society. On other occasions, though, autism manifests as part of a range of cognitive problems. Then, the condition is declining.
    What is common to those on all parts of the so-called autistic spectrum is that they are more often men than women—so much more often that one school of thought suggests autism is an extreme manifestation of what it means, mentally, to be male. Boys are four times more likely to be diagnosed with autism than girls are. For high-functioning autism, the ratio is seven to one.
    Moreover, what is true of autism is true, to a lesser extent, of a lot of other neurological and cognitive disorders. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)is diagnosed around three times more often in boys than in girls. "Intellectual disability" , a catch-all term for congenital low IQ, is 30 - 50% more common in boys, as is epilepsy. In fact, these disorders frequently show up in combination. For instance, children diagnosed with an autistic-spectrum disorder often also receive a diagnosis of ADHD.
    Autism’s precise causes are unclear, but genes are important. Though no mutation which, by itself, causes autism has yet been discovered, well over 100 are known that make someone with them more vulnerable to the condition.
    Most of these mutations are as common in women as in men, so one explanation for the divergent incidence is that male brains are more vulnerable than female ones to equivalent levels of genetic disruption. This is called the female-protective model. The other broad explanation, social-bias theory, is that the difference is illusory. Girls are being under-diagnosed because of differences either in the ways they are assessed, or in the ways they cope with the condition, rather than because they actually have it less. Some researchers claim, for example, that girls are better able to hide their symptoms.
According to the first paragraph, high-functioning autists are often ______.
选项 A、odd but friendly
B、blind and incapable
C、strange but successful
D、eccentric and unsuccessful
答案C
解析 根据题干定位到第一段。根据陌生词high—functioning autists定位到倒数第三句：Though their fellow men and women may regard them as a bit odd，high—functioning autists areoften successful(sometimes very successful)members of society．由此判断形容high—functioning autists的词有两个，一个是上半句的a bit odd“有点奇怪”，一个是比较明显的successful，故判断[C]strange but successful为答案。[A]项的friendly是无中生有；[B]项的blindand incapable均错误；而[D]项eccentric“奇怪的”一词正确，unsuccessful与原文相反；故确定[C]项为本题答案。
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