首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Science fiction has a tendency to become science fact. Something like Hal, the on-board spaceship computer capable of ethical de
Science fiction has a tendency to become science fact. Something like Hal, the on-board spaceship computer capable of ethical de
admin
2011-03-11
64
问题
Science fiction has a tendency to become science fact. Something like Hal, the on-board spaceship computer capable of ethical decision making and intelligence in Arthur Clarke’s 2001:A space Odyssey , is being discussed seriously in modern artificial-intelligence (AI) laboratories. (46)
That is not to say that computers will evolve exactly as Clarke envisioned, any more than propulsion systems developed in the way Jules Verne imagined three-quarters of a century before a rocked sent a spaceship to the moon.
(47)
However, computer scientists are developing systems that come very close to mimicking parts of human cognition;it seems plausible that something like Hal will be around before you depart from this earth.
(48)
Computerized cognition, or artificial intelligence (AI), as it is often called, is broadly defined as that branch of computer science that deals with the development of computers (hardware) and computer programs (software) that emulate human cognitive functions.
Cognition involves perception, memory, thinking, language processing and many other related functions which are carried out in a more or less exact way. You can, for example, see and recognize your friend’s face; compose a sensible poem set in iambic pentameter; mentally calculate the most direct route from your home to the college, and distinguish sour milk from fresh milk. We do things like this every day with no effort. We also do a lot of foolish things, such as put shampoo on our toothbrush. We are human and that’s a problem for computers, being perfect machines that never make a mistake, "computer errors" notwithstanding.
If a computer could simulate human thought and actions precisely, then it would be as good as we are in doing the list of things mentioned earlier, but also be just as fallible as we are. (49)
It is important to recognize the distinction between those who want to write programs that will perform human tasks well, such as the program we are presently using that draws a squiggly red line under misspelled words and those who aim to clone human thought.
Computers and their impressive programs have become such an indispensable part of our everyday life that we wonder how we got along without them—still, they aren’t clever enough to shampoo with toothpaste.
When we discuss AI, it is usually intertwined with Cognitive psychology and neuroscience. (50)
Ideas from one field, for example, neuroscience, might be incorporated into another, for example, artificial intelligence, and yet other ideas from cognitive psychology might be applied to both other areas.
All three—AI, cognitive psychology, and neuroscience (especially neuroscience)— build a platform for cognitive science.
选项
答案
计算机处理的认知,或通常所说的人工智能,被广义的定义为计算机科学的一个分支,该学科分支用来解决模仿人类认知功能的计算机(硬件)和计算机程序(软件)的问题。
解析
本题考点是定语从句和词义确定。本句包含两个由that引导的定语从句,分别修饰branch 和hardware and software。句子的主干为“Comptuerized cognition is defined as branch...”,句中两个定语从句翻译时需要注意语序的调整;此外,主语后的同位语及其修饰成分的翻译也需要考虑语序问题。本句中也有部分生词,需要考生根据文章主旨选取释义。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Rbp4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Accordingtotheauthor,the"SpaceRace"was______.WhichofthefollowingisNOTconsideredaresultofthe"SpaceRace"?
In1971ateamofexpertspreparedareportentitled"TheLimitsofGrowth,"based(1)_____acomputeranalysisoffutureeconom
In1971ateamofexpertspreparedareportentitled"TheLimitsofGrowth,"based(1)_____acomputeranalysisoffutureeconom
In1971ateamofexpertspreparedareportentitled"TheLimitsofGrowth,"based(1)_____acomputeranalysisoffutureeconom
In1971ateamofexpertspreparedareportentitled"TheLimitsofGrowth,"based(1)_____acomputeranalysisoffutureeconom
Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoa
Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoa
Whatdoesthewritermeanbysaying"Butthesewerenotjusttheisolatedactionsofascientist"?Whichofthefollowingisno
Intheearly1800s,groupsofEnglishworkerswreckedmachinesthattheyfeltthreatenedtheirjobs.(46)Theywerecalled"Luddi
Intheeyesofvisitorsfromtheoutsideworld______Theword"superficial"(Para.4)mightmean______
随机试题
自动喷水灭火系统的设置场所危险等级划分将舞台葡萄架下部划分为严重危险Ⅰ级。()
急诊初级分诊用_______秒来识别和筛选病人。
漫画家丰子恺在刚开始学习外语时,第一天把第一课读了十遍,第二天把第二课读了十遍,第一课读了五遍,第三天把第三课读了十遍,第一、二课各读五遍,第四天把第四课读了十遍,把第二、三课各读五遍,第一课读了两遍,并在第一课上标了一个“读”。这样,他认为他四天读第一课
张某,男,36岁,2型糖尿病患者。护士通过评估发现该患者存在知识缺乏,并针对此问题对其制订了护理计划。此时,护士与患者处于护患关系发展时期的哪一阶段
患儿,男,8岁,血常规示血红蛋白为88g/L,护士告诉家长该患儿的贫血程度是
鞠躬礼盛行于日本、韩国和朝鲜,但现在他们常用的礼节是握手。()
认为考试焦虑、掩饰努力、故意拖延是个体逃避失败的策略。持这一观点的学习动机理论是()
下列关于Windows2003系统下WWW服务器的描述中,错误的是
Iwouldhavefinishedmypaperifitwasatallpossible,butIwasfullyoccupiedthewholeoflastweek.
WhatdowelearnaboutNCLB?
最新回复
(
0
)