首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Complete the flow chart below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer. Expertise in creative writing B
Complete the flow chart below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer. Expertise in creative writing B
admin
2014-11-08
43
问题
Complete the flow chart below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
Expertise in creative writing
Background—researcher had previously studied 【L31】______
↓
Had initial idea for research—inspired by a book(the 【L32】______ of a famous novelist).
↓
Posed initial question—why do some people become experts whilst others don’t?
↓
Read expertise research in different fields.
Avoided studies conducted in a 【L33】______.because too controlled.
Most helpful studies-research into 【L34】______, e.g. waiting tables.
↓
Found participants: four true 【L35】______in creative writing (easy to find)and four with extensive experience.
↓
Using ’think aloud’ techniques, gathered 【L36】______data from inexperienced writer.(During session—assistant made 【L37】______recordings).
↓
Gathered similar data from experienced writers.
↓
Compared two data sets and generated a 【L38】______for analysis (Identified five major stages in writing—will be refined later).
↓
Got an expert 【L39】______to evaluate the quality of the different products.
↓
Identified the most effective 【L40】______of stages in producing text.
【L38】
Narrator: You will hear a psychology undergraduate describing the research she is currently doing on expertise in creative writing. First you have some time to look at Questions 31-40. Now listen, and answer Questions 31-40.
Student: For my short presentation today, I’m going to summarise the work I’ve done so far on my research project: to explore expertise in creative writing. Essentially, I’ll share with you the process I underwent to gather my interim findings.
First of all, I should give a little relevant background information about myself—before I started my current degree course in cognitive psychology, I studied English literature and, as you can imagine, this meant I spent a great deal of time thinking about the notion of creativity and what makes people develop into successful writers. However, the idea for this research project came from a very specific source —I became fascinated with the idea of what makes an expert creative writer when I read a well-known twentieth century writer’s autobiography. I won’t say which one, at this stage, because I think that might prejudice your interpretation! Anyway, this got me thinking about the different routes to expertise. Specifically I wondered why some people become experts at things whilst others fail to do so, in spite of the fact that they may be equally gifted and work equally hard.
I started to read about how other researchers had explored similar questions in other fields. I began to see a pattern— that those studies which involved research in a lab were too controlled for my purposes and I decided to avoid reading them. I was quite surprised to find that the clearest guidance for my topic came from investigations into what I call ’practical skills’ such as hairdressing or waiting tables. Most of these studies tended to use a similar set of procedures, which I eventually adopted for my own project.
Student: I’ll now explain what these procedures were. I decided to compare what inexperienced writers do with what experienced writers do. In order to investigate this, I looked for four people whom I regarded as real novices in this field—which proved easy ... perhaps unsurprisingly. It proved much harder to locate people with suitably extensive experience who were willing to take part in my study. I asked the first four to do a set writing task and as they wrote, to talk into a tape-recorder... a technique known as ’think aloud’ ... this was in order to get experimental data. Whilst they were doing this, a research assistant recorded them using video—I thought it might be helpful for me in my transcriptions later on. I then asked four experienced writers to do exactly the same task. After this, I made a comparison between the two sets of data and this helped me to produce a framework for analysis. In particular, I identified five major stages which all creative writers seem to go through when generating this genre of text. I think it was fairly effective but still needs some work ... so I intend to tighten this up later for use with subsequent data sets.
I then wanted to see whether experienced writers were actually producing the better pieces of writing. So I asked an editor, an expert in reviewing creative writing, to decide which were the best pieces of writing. This person put the eight pieces of work in order of quality—in rank order— and, using his evaluations, I was then able to work out which sequence of the five stages seemed to lead to the best quality writing.
Now my findings are by no means conclusive as this point... I still have a long way to go but if any of you have any questions, I’d be happy to answer them and ...
选项
答案
framework
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/S4AO777K
本试题收录于:
雅思听力题库雅思(IELTS)分类
0
雅思听力
雅思(IELTS)
相关试题推荐
PART1Theexaminerasksthecandidateabouthim/herself,his/herhome,workorstudiesandotherfamiliartopics.EXAMPLE:
Discussiontopic:FamousPeopleExamplequestions:•Dofamouspeoplehavespecialresponsibilitiestosociety?•Somefamouspe
3.PART3Discussiontopic:FriendshipExamplequestions:•Whatarethemostimportantqualitiesofagoodfriend?•Whatkind
IntroductionandInterviewInterview(choose1)Let’stalkaboutwhereyoulive.Doyouliveinamodemcityoran
Describeausefulskillyoulearnt.Youshouldsay:whattheskillishowyoulearntitwhyyoulearntitandexplainwhyyouth
Haveyoueverexperiencedunusualweatherinyourcity?
WRITINGTASK1Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.Thegraphsbelowshowthetypesofmusicalbumspurchased
Agreatnumberofpeoplethinkthatthosewithuniversityeducationshouldgethigherpaythanthosewithout,fortheybelievet
Insomesocieties,fashionisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantinchoosingclothes.Whyisthisthecase?Doyouthinkitisap
READINGPASSAGE3Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions27-40,whicharebasedonReadingPassage3below.
随机试题
在Profibus中,SFC14用于数据解包,而SFC15用于数据打包。()
关于急性肾盂肾炎,下列说法不正确的是
A.纯化水B.注射用水C.蒸馏水D.灭菌注射用水E.饮用水可作为灭菌制剂饮片的提取溶剂的是()。
采用比色法测定醋酸地塞米松注射液的含量,使用的试剂有
某企业有职工126人,全年共计工作天数300天,当年利税3150万元,当年××月一起事故死亡2人,试计算工作损失价值是多少?
已知某过程能力指数Cp=1.33,有偏移的过程能力指数CpK=0.33。公差71约为()。
佣金:是指经纪人、代理商等中间人完成受委托事项后,由委托人向其支付的报酬。下列选项中,属于佣金的是( )。
最高人民检察院和最高人民法院的司法解释有分歧时,有权作出决定的机关是()
H市的江山公司以前规定,本公司的雇员,工作满600个小时,能享受2.5个带薪休假日;最近该公司出台了一项新规定,工作满1400个小时能享受5个带薪休假日。李先生认为,这项规定给该公司的雇员普遍带来了较多的收益,因为显然每个工作小时所包含的带薪休假日的量较
设a1=1,an+1+=0,证明:数列{an)收敛,并求an.
最新回复
(
0
)