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Women who exercise in pregnancy boost the brain development of their newborn babies, according to researchers who claim the effe

admin2014-09-30  92
问题     Women who exercise in pregnancy boost the brain development of their newborn babies, according to researchers who claim the effect could benefit children for the rest of their lives. Babies’ brains showed more mature patterns of activity, linked to better in later life, when their mothers took at least three 20-minute sessions of moderate exercise a week. The early stage findings are the first from a randomized controlled trial in humans to show that a pregnant mother’s exercise routine could have such an impact on her baby’s brain.
    "We know exercise is good for all kinds of things in pregnancy. It makes mothers feel better, gives them more control over their weight gain, and also has an impact on their child’s weight gain in life. We’re saying here’s an added bonus, that exercise gives your child a head-start in brain development," said Elise Labonte-LeMoyne at the University of Montreal.
    Women joined her study in their first trimester and were randomly assigned to either an exercise or a sedentary(久坐的)control group. The 10 women in the exercise group cycled, walked, ran or swam for three short sessions a week, pushing themselves hard enough to get only slightly out of breath. The eight women in the sedentary group were told not to exercise.
    In the 8 to 12 days after the babies were born, the researchers measured their brain activity. Using a cap covered with 124 electrodes, they recorded EEG(脑电图)while they played sleeping babies a series of beeps interspersed with different sounds. Even though the babies were asleep, patterns in their brain activity showed how efficiently they could discriminate between old and novel sounds. More developed brains find the task easier than less mature ones.
    "The babies born from mothers who were physically active have a more mature cerebral activation, suggesting that their brains developed more rapidly." " This is important to look at this stage in their development, because the ability to discriminate sounds is the basis of learning to speak and to understand the sounds around you," said Labonte-LeMoyne, who described the study at the Society for Neuroscience meeting in San Diego.
    A 2008 Danish study found that exercising had almost no effect on the size of a woman’s baby, but reduced the risk of the baby being small or large for its gestational age(胎龄). The National Health Service(NHS)advises pregnant women to avoid contact sports, and not exercise so hard that they cannot hold a conversation. Women who were not active before becoming pregnant should start with no more than 15 minutes of continuous exercise three times a week, and slowly build up to four half-hour sessions a week.
What can we see from the sleeping babies’ EEG?
选项 A、The patterns of their brain development.
B、The efficiency of sound discrimination.
C、The maturity of their brain development.
D、The traces of playing different sounds.
答案B
解析 细节辨认题。第四段介绍了研究人员对熟睡中的婴儿的大脑活动进行测试的结果。他们采用的方式是记录脑电图(EEG)，也就是大脑的活动模式图，该图能反映熟睡中的婴儿辨别新旧声音的效率，由此可以推断B)正确。A)“他们大脑的发育模式”，文中没有提及，故排除；C)“他们大脑发育的成熟性”不能从脑电图中直接看出，而是研究者后续的推断，故排除；D)“播放不同声音的路径”不是脑电图的内容，更不能从脑电图中看出，故排除。
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