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  3. Higher productivity is essential to the rising of living standards and to the declining prices of goods and services. But higher

Higher productivity is essential to the rising of living standards and to the declining prices of goods and services. But higher

admin2007-12-30  68
问题     Higher productivity is essential to the rising of living standards and to the declining prices of goods and services. But higher productivity may lead to fewer jobs.
    Early in the postwar era, analysts were worried that automation would take over manufacturing, throwing everyone out of work. That fear went unrealized for a generation, in part because robots and computers weren’t good at much. Today, near-automated manufacturing is becoming a reality.
    Newly built factories often require only a small part of the work force in the plants. Office technology, meanwhile, now allows a few to do what once required a large group of people.
    There may come a point when the gains from higher productivity pale before the job losses, But even if that point does not come, rapid technological change is causing anxiety about future employment: anxiety that makes it hard to appreciate and enjoy what productivity creates.
    Prosperity brings many other mixed blessings. Living standards keep rising, but so do cases of depression. Agricultural yields continue rising, yet that means fewer family farms are needed Biotechnology may allow us to live longer, but may leave us dependent on costly synthetic drugs. There, are many similar examples. Increasingly, western life suffers from the paradoxes (自相矛盾) of progress. Material circumstances keep improving, yet our quality of life may be no better as a result — especially in those cases, like food, where enough becomes too much.
We can find in the passage that it is hard to enjoy higher production because______.
选项 A、people are afraid of automation
B、technology may change even more rapidly
C、computers are not good at some work
D、unemployment may emerge on a large scale
答案D
解析 本题为推断题。文章从一开始就提到“…higher productivity may lead to fewer jobs．”。第二段中更是说明新建的工厂和办公技术需要更少的人从事更多的工作。第三段则更为直接地说明“rapid technological change is causing anxiety about future employment：anxiety that makes it hard to appreciate and enjoy what productivity creates．”。因此选项D．unemployment may emerge on a large scale是“人们很难享受更高生产效率”的原因。选项A．people are afraid of automation在文章中并没有谈到。选项B．technology may change even more rapidly是—个事实，但并不是人们担忧的原因。选项C．computers are not good at some work与原文意思不符，因为文章提到“Today，near-automated manufacturing is becoming a reality．”。
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