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  3. Besides file loans, banks provide non-loan financial services to their business clients. Describe the factoring services and lea

Besides file loans, banks provide non-loan financial services to their business clients. Describe the factoring services and lea

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问题 Besides file loans, banks provide non-loan financial services to their business clients. Describe the factoring services and leasing.
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答案Factoring: Concept: —A special type of bank financing, in that the banks not only take over the account receivables of their clients but provide other additional services. —A type of trade service incorporating financing, credit insurance, cash flow management, ledger administration / collection functions. Aim: —Open account sales, both local and overseas. The role of the bank: —To perform the middle-agent and as a professional risk manager. —Take over the whole trade transaction, and the bank will be responsible for the transaction if the buyer does not pay. Services offered by a factor: —Management of the clients accounts —Servicing the cash flow of the client’s business when required —Insurance services for the protection of bad and doubtful debts The advantage of factoring: —It gives more time for the clients to concentrate on running their business without worrying about the collection of debts and account receivables. —It may also increase the cash flow of clients, enable clients to purchase easily with discounts and improve the companies’ credit ratings. —Companies are more easily to control their administrative costs. —Improving company’s debt management with better risk assessments. leasing: Concept: —Leasing is a financial arrangement in which the banks or their subsidiary companies hold the title to property or equipment while the lessee uses it. —The user of the property is called the lessee; the lessor is the property owner. The way to deal with the property: —Usually the financial company retains the title to the property or equipment after the expiration of the lease. —In many cases, the user can also retain the title to the equipment or property, if agreed by both parties, usually on the payment of a small sum. Types of lease agreement: —Financial lease: -The lessor is only responsible for the financing of facilities. -The lessee is responsible for the other responsibilities such as insurance coverage, maintenance and taxation. —Operating lease: -Also called "service lease". -The lessor is responsible for the facilities’ maintenance and servicing. -The lessee is to make lease payments when using the facilities. —Full payout lease: -The lessor holds the title to the facilities. -The lessee makes payments for using the facilities until sufficient payment is derived to cover the capital and interest. -The title to the facilities is then passed to the lessee for a nominal amount of money. —True lease: -The bank holds the title, takes the investment credits and depreciation expenses, and sells or releases the facilities when the lease expires. —Conditional lease: -The company or the bank will hold the title to the facilities, receive tax credit if there is any, sell facilities to the user at a bargain price when the lease expires. —Leverage lease: -Trustee holds the title, the bank or the lessor borrows up to a certain percentage of the costs by pledging the facilities as security. -Either the bank or the user receives the tax benefit, if there is any.
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中级（银行业务）

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