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  3. Optimists outlive pessimists, a new study shows. Of nearly 100,000 women【C1】______in the Women’s Health Initiative, those who ga

Optimists outlive pessimists, a new study shows. Of nearly 100,000 women【C1】______in the Women’s Health Initiative, those who ga

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问题     Optimists outlive pessimists, a new study shows. Of nearly 100,000 women【C1】______in the Women’s Health Initiative, those who gave【C2】______answers on a personality test were 9% less likely to【C3】______heart disease within eight years—and 14% less likely to【C4】______—than women who got low optimism【C5】______on the test.
    TIME’S Alice Park wrote about an earlier【C6】______of this study in the spring. She writes:
    【C7】______studies have indeed documented the life-extending benefits of optimism, 【C8】______most of that research has involved only men and has been【C9】______in small numbers. What’s more, not all studies have done a good job of【C10】______out potentially confusing factors such as health【C11】______and lifestyle. That’s【C12】______makes the new study different "Taking into【C13】______income, education, health behaviors like blood pressure and whether or not you are【C14】______active, whether or not you drink or smoke, we still see optimists with a decreased risk of death compared to pessimists," says Dr. Hilary Tindle, lead author of the study. "I was surprised that the relationship was【C15】______of all of these factors."
    The study also found an interesting and【C16】______disturbing difference in the way that attitude is related to【C17】______for black women vs. white women.
    Pessimistic black women in the study were 33% more likely to have died after eight years than optimistic black women, while white pessimists were only 13% more likely to have died than their optimistic【C18】______. The numbers in the study weren’t large enough to support any【C19】______explanations for this racial gap, but "there is definitely a suggestion that whites and blacks may be【C20】______in how optimism affects longevity," says Tindle.
【C15】
选项 A、intensive
B、intelligent
C、independent
D、influential
答案C
解析 此处these factors指的是上文的“收入、教育和健康状况等因素”，结合上文的“不论精力是否充沛以及是否酗酒抽烟等。我们仍旧发现乐观的人比悲观的人的死亡风险低。”因此推断“这些因素并不相关”，C项be independent of表示“与……无关”，符合语境。
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