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  3. We often think of drawing as something that takes inborn talent, but this kind of thinking stems from our misclassification of d

We often think of drawing as something that takes inborn talent, but this kind of thinking stems from our misclassification of d

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问题     We often think of drawing as something that takes inborn talent, but this kind of thinking stems from our misclassification of drawing as, primarily, an art form rather than a tool for learning.
    Researchers, teachers, and artists are starting to see how drawing can positively impact a wide variety of skills and disciplines.
    Most of us have spent some time drawing before, but at some point, most of us stop drawing. There are people who don’t, obviously, and thank god for that: a world without designers and artists would be a very shabby one indeed.
    Some argue that so many adults have abandoned drawing because we’ve miscategorized it and given it a very narrow definition. In his book, Stick Figures: Drawing as a Human Practice, Professor D. B. Dowd argues that we have misfiled the significance of drawing because we see it as a professional skill instead of a personal capacity. We mistakenly think of "good" drawings as those which work as recreations of the real world, as realistic illusions. Rather, drawing should be recategorized as a symbolic tool.
    Human beings have been drawing for 73,000 years. It’s part of what it means to be human. We don’t have the strength of chimpanzees (大猩猩) because we’ve given up animal strength to manipulate subtle instruments, like hammers, spears, and—later—pens and pencils. The human hand is an extremely dense network of nerve endings. In many ways, human beings are built to draw.
    Some researchers argue that doodling (涂画) activates the brain’s so-called default circuit— essentially, the areas of the brain responsible for maintaining a baseline level of activity in the absence of other stimuli. Because of this, some believe that doodling during a boring lecture can help students pay attention. In one study, participants were asked to listen to a list of names while either doodling or sitting still. Those who doodled remembered 29 percent more of the names than those who did not.
    There’s also evidence that drawing talent is based on how accurately someone perceives the world. The human visual system tends to misjudge size, shape, color, and angles but artists perceive these qualities more accurately than non-artists. Cultivating drawing talent can become an essential tool to improve people’s observational skills in fields where the visual is important.
    Rather than think of drawing as a talent that some creative people are gifted in, we should consider it as a tool for seeing and understanding the world better—one that just so happens to double as an art form. Both absent-minded doodling and copying from life have been shown to positively affect your memory and visual perception, so complain loudly the next time your school board slashes the art department’s budget.
What do we learn about designers and artists?
选项 A、They are declining gradually in number.
B、They are keen on changing shabby surroundings.
C、They add beauty and charm to the world.
D、They spend most of their lives drawing.
答案C
解析 由题干中的designers and artists定位到第三段第二句。推理判断题。定位句提到，幸亏有些人没有停止画画，因为一个没有设计师和艺术家的世界将是一个非常糟糕的世界，换言之，因为有了设计师和艺术家，这个世界变得美好了，可知C)是对原文内容的合理推断，故为答案。A)项曲解了第三段第一句，原文的意思是很多成年人放弃了绘画，但有些人没有放弃，并成为了设计师和艺术家，无法推断出他们的人数正在逐渐减少，故排除；B)项为强干扰项，使用了原文原词shabby，但两处shabby概念不同：原文中shabby world指的是因为没有设计师和艺术家而导致的缺乏美感和魅力的世界，是抽象的概念，而B)项中shabby surroundings指的是破旧的周围环境，是具体的概念，而且文中并未提及这些人是否热衷于改变周围环境，故排除；虽然原文提到成为设计师和艺术家的人没有放弃练习绘画，但不能据此推断他们一生大部分时间都在画画，故排除D)。
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