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  3. Eating is related to emotional as well as physiologic needs. Sucking, which is the infant’s means of gaining both food and emoti

Eating is related to emotional as well as physiologic needs. Sucking, which is the infant’s means of gaining both food and emoti

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问题    Eating is related to emotional as well as physiologic needs. Sucking, which is the infant’s means of gaining both food and emotional security, conditions the association of eating with well-being or with deprivation. If the child is breast-fed and has supportive body contact as well as good milk intake, if the child is allowed to suck for as long as he or she desires, and if both the child and mother enjoy the nursing experience and share their enjoyment, the child is more likely to thrive both physically and emotionally. On the other hand, if the mother is nervous and resents the child or cuts him/her off from the milk supply before either the child’s hunger or sucking need is satisfied, or handle the child hostilely during the feeding, or props the baby with a bottle rather than holding the child, the child may develop physically but will begin to show signs of e-motional disturbance at an early age. If, in addition, the infant is further abused by parental indifference or intolerance , he or she will carry scars of such emotional deprivation throughout life.
   Eating habits are also conditioned by family and other psychosocial environments. If an individual’s family eats large quantities of food, then he or she is inclined to eat large amounts. If an individual’s family eats mainly vegetable, then he or she will be inclined to like vegetables. If mealtime is a happy and significant event, then the will tend to think of eating in those terms. And if a family eats quickly, without caring what is being eaten and while fighting at the dinner table, then the person will most likely adopt the same eating pattern and be adversely affected by it. This conditioning to food can remain unchanged through a lifetime unless the individual is awakened to the fact of conditioning and to the possible need for altering his or her eating patterns in order to improve nutritional intake. Conditioning spills over into and is often reinforced by religious beliefs and other customs, so that, for example, a Jew, whose religion forbids the eating of pork, might have guilt feeling if he or she ate pork. An older Roman Catholic might be conditioned to feel guilty if he or she eats meat on Friday, traditionally a fish day.
While sucking, the baby is actually______.
选项 A、conscious of the impact of breast-feeding
B、interacting with his or her mother
C、creating a nursing environment
D、impossible to be abused
答案B
解析 推理判断题。文章第一段的后半部分析了相反的母乳喂养方式对婴儿身心造成的影响。据此推断，婴儿在吮吸过程中是与哺喂他／她的母亲相互影响的，故答案为[B]项。意识到母乳喂养所造成影响的是研究者而非吃奶的婴儿，故排除[A]项。创造哺乳环境的是喂养者而非婴儿，故排除[C]项。第一段第四句未提及哺乳中对婴儿的虐待，故排除[D]项。
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