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  3. Pool Watch Swimmers can drown in busy swimming pools when lifeguards fail to notice that they are in trouble. The Royal Soci

Pool Watch Swimmers can drown in busy swimming pools when lifeguards fail to notice that they are in trouble. The Royal Soci

admin2013-11-24  58
问题                             Pool Watch
    Swimmers can drown in busy swimming pools when lifeguards fail to notice that they are in trouble. The Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents says that on average 15 people drown in British pools each year, but many more suffer major injury after getting into difficulties. Now a French company has developed an artificial intelligence system called Poseidon that sounds the alarm when it sees someone in danger of drowning.
    When a swimmer sinks towards the bottom of the pool, the new system sends an alarm signal to a pool-side monitoring station and a lifeguard’s pager. In trials at a pool in Ancenis.near Nantes.it saved a life within just a few months, says Alistair McQuade, a spokesman for its maker, Poseidon Technologies.
    Poseidon keeps watch through a network of underwater and overheard video cameras. AI software analyses the images to work out swimmers trajectories. To do this reliably.it has to tell the difference between a swimmer and the shadow of someone being cast onto the bottom or side of the pool. "The underwater environment is a very dynamic one, with many shadows and reflections dancing around. " says McQuade.
    The software does this by"projecting"a shape in its field of view onto an image of the far wall of the pool. It does the same with an image from another camera viewing the shape from a different angle. If the two projections are in the same position, the shape is identified as a shadow and is ignored. But if they are different, the shape is a swimmer and so the system follows its trajectory.
    To pick out potential drowning victims, anyone in the water who starts to descend slowly is added to the software’s "pre-alert" list, says McQuade. Swimmers who then stay immobile on the pool bottom for 5 seconds or more are considered in danger of drowning. Poseidon double-checks that the image really is of a swimmer, not a shadow, by seeing whether it obscures the pool’s floor texture when viewed from overhead. If so, it alerts the lifeguard, showing the swimmer’s location on a poolside screen.
    The first full-scale Poseidon system will be officially opened next week at a pool in High Wycombe. Buckinghamshire. One man who is impressed with the idea is Travor Baylis, inventor of the clockwork radio. Baylis runs a company that installs swimming pools, and he was once an underwater escapologist with a circus. "I say full marks to them if this works and can save lives, "he says. But he adds that any local authority spending ￡30, 000-plus on a Poseidon system ought to be investing similar amounts in teaching children to swim.
What is required of AI software to save a life?
选项 A、It must be able to swim.
B、It must keep walking round the pool.
C、It can distinguish between a swimmer and a shadow.
D、It can save a life within a few months.
答案C
解析 题干考察的是人工智能软件救人所应具备的条件，选项C契合了第三段第三句中“it side of the pool”的说法，那就是必须能区分游泳的人和投射到池底或池壁的人影。A必须能游泳，B必须在泳池周围来回走，这两项都不太合适，人工智能软件不是机器人。D在几个月中就能拯救一个生命，显然不符合逻辑。故选C。
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