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  3. For most of human history rich people had the most leisure. On the other hand, the poor have typically worked persistently. Hans

For most of human history rich people had the most leisure. On the other hand, the poor have typically worked persistently. Hans

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问题     For most of human history rich people had the most leisure. On the other hand, the poor have typically worked persistently. Hans-Joachim Voth, an economic historian, says that in 19th century you could tell how poor somebody was by how【C1】________they worked.
    Today things are【C2】________. Overall working hours have【C3】________over the past century. But the rich have begun to work longer hours than the poor.
    There are a number of【C4】________One is that higher wages make leisure more expensive: if people take time【C5】________they give up more money. Since the 1980s the【C6】________of those at the top have risen strongly, while those below the median have stood still or fallen. Thus rising【C7】________encourages the rich to work more and the poor to work less.
    The【C8】________of work and leisure in the rich world has also changed. Back in 1899 Thorstein Veblen offered his【C9】________on things. He argued that leisure was a "badge of hon-or". Rich people could get others to do the【C10】________, repetitive work. Yet Veblen’s leisure class was not【C11】________. Rather they engaged in "exploit":【C12】________and creative activities such as writing, charity and【C13】________.
    Veblen’s theory needs【C14】________Work in advanced economies has become more【C15】________and intellectual. There are fewer really dull jobs, like lift-operating, and more【C16】________ones, like fashion design. That means more people than ever can enjoy "exploit" at the【C17】________. Work has come to offer the sort of pleasures that rich people used to【C18】________in their leisure time. On the other hand, leisure is【C19】________a sign of social power. Instead it【C20】________uselessness and unemployment  
【C3】
选项 A、risen
B、weakened
C、granted
D、fallen
答案D
解析 下句中的转折词But提示本句中overall working hours的变化趋势与下句提及的the rich have begun to work longer是相反的。故选D项fallen“下降”。A项risen“上升”与work longer表意一致，故排除。B项weakened“变弱”一般指力量上的减弱，不指数量。C项granted“允许”与本句主题无关。
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考研英语一

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